摘要
【目的】高含钾量是优质烟叶的一项重要指标。比较不同烟草品种的含钾量及其对施用钾肥的反应,为筛选高钾基因型烟草品种提供基础。【方法】以93份烟草种质资源为研究对象,在凉山州进行连续两年的大田试验。设置常规钾(K_2O=300 kg/hm^2)与低钾(K_2O=150 kg/hm^2)两个水平,成熟期测定烟叶含钾量,以聚类分析将烟草分类,并分析其在不同叶位间的基因型差异。【结果】施钾量影响烟草上、中、下部叶片钾含量,常规钾水平下的烟叶含钾量高于低钾水平,常规施钾量下的上、中、下部烟叶含钾量分别为低钾水平下的1.13、1.14、1.15倍(2014年)和1.10、1.25、1.35倍(2015年)。将烟叶含钾量进行聚类分析,供试材料被划分为高钾型、普通型和低钾型3类,并筛选获得了典型材料。高钾型烟草的上、中、下部烟叶含钾量均显著高于普通型及低钾型烟草材料。常规施钾水平下,高钾型烟草的上、中、下部烟叶含钾量分别是低钾型的1.50~1.92、1.54~2.52、1.31~2.36倍;低钾水平下分别为1.27~1.93、1.66~2.24、1.72~1.73倍。【结论】高钾基因型烟草上、中、下部烟叶的含钾量均显著高于普通型和低钾型;普通型上部叶的含钾量与低钾型烟草之间无显著差异,中、下部烟叶含钾量普通型显著高于低钾基因型。通过两年田间试验筛选获得了6份高钾型烟草材料,包括嘎吉红大、长叶红大、达白1号、达白2号、MFZS、930032-7,可应用于烟叶生产,亦可为富钾基因型品种选育提供育种亲本材料。
【Objectives】Potassium content is one of the most important indexes of tobacco quality.Investigation on the K contents of tobacco cultivars will help screen K-efficient tobacco genotype.【Methods】Field experiments were carried out for 2 years（2014–2015） in the main tobacco producing region of Xichang City, Sichuan Province. 93 tobacco germplasm resources were collected and grown under normal and reduced K application rates（K2O 300 and 150 kg/hm2）. The K contents of upper, middle and lower parts of leaves of tobacco were analyzed, and the genotypes were grouped into high, middle and low K-efficiency using clustering analysis method.【Results】The K contents of the 93 germplasm resources were significantly different under the two K application rates, and the K contents under the normal K rate were significantly higher than those under the reduced K rate. The average K contents of the upper, middle and lower parts of leaves under the normal K rate were 1.13, 1.14 and 1.15 times of those under the reduced K rate in 2014,respectively, and were 1.10, 1.25 and 1.35 times in 2015. According to the K contents in leaves, the tested 93 genotypes were classified into high, common and low K content genotypes. The leaf K contents in the upper,middle and lower parts of tobacco with high-K efficiency were all higher than those of the other two genotypes.The K contents in the upper, middle and lower part of leaves of the high K content genotypes were respectively1.50–1.92, 1.54–2.52, 1.31–2.36（under the normal K application rate） and 1.27–1.93, 1.66–2.24, 1.72–1.73（under the low K application rate） times of those of the low K content genotypes.【Conclusions】The high K content genotype materials selected in the two-consecutive-year experiment including Gajihongda,Changyehongda, Dabai 1, Dabai 2, MFZS and 930032-7 could be applied to the tobacco production and provided as parent materials for potassium-enriched tobacco breeding operation.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第2期451-459,共9页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
四川省教育厅重点项目(14ZA0002)
四川省烟草公司凉山州公司科技项目(2011)资助
关键词
烟草
含钾量
基因型差异
筛选
tobacco
K content
genotypic variation
screening
