摘要
从纪昀和王国维对"意境"的使用来看,意境源于诗人的眼前实景。诗人用语言符号将眼前的"难状之景"再现出来,读者由此想象出具有景深效果的视觉景观。意境对应的语言表达方式是描写,景是其摹仿对象,"阔远"和"如画"是其美学特征。诗人运用的透视描写是文学意境生成的形式基础,相反,议论和叙述等语言表达方式达不到这种效果。意境可分为"视错觉"式、"门窗借景"式和"平面重叠"式三种类型。意境和"不隔""诗要显"等诗歌理论的核心均为"状难写之景如在目前"。中原战乱催生了中国山水诗,南方"如画"的山水景观是意境生成的现实基础。中国现代学者对艺术品形式的轻视和对"形似"的恐惧导致了意境的泛化,虽然这能使读者远离偶像崇拜,但同时也使后者忽视了对文学作品的直观体验。现代读者没有必要在意义的问题上纠缠不休,体验到在语言中栖居的乐趣就是审美活动的理想境界。
In light of ＂artistic imagery＂ in terms of Ji Yun and Wang Guowei, artistic imagery stems from the visual reality in the eyes of the poet, who reproduces the ＂unspeakable spectacle＂ by linguistic symbols, by which the readers can visualize the scenery with certain depth of field. The expression of artistic imagery is description, with scenery as its ob- ject and ＂vast＂ and ＂picturesque＂ its aesthetic characteristics. The poet＇s description in perspective is the basis of the artistic imagery in the sense of literature, while expressions like discussion and narration fail to achieve this same effect. Artistic imagery can be classified into ＂optical illusion＂, ＂scenery borrowing＂ and ＂plane overlapping＂. The core of po- etic theories like artistic imagery, intuition, and clarification is to visualize the unspeakable spectacle. The wars of cen- tral plains sparked Chinese scenic poems, while the picturesque landscape is the basis of reality of artistic imagery. The disparagement of the form of artistic work and the fear of similarity in appearance resulted in generalization of artistic imagery, which spared the readers＇ idolatry as well as the straightforward experience of literature works. Modern readers do not have to entangle themselves in the semantic game, because the experience of the pleasure implied in language is the ideal aesthetic realm.
作者
付骁
FU Xiao(School of Literature, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China)
出处
《重庆邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2017年第2期121-128,共8页
Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)
基金
沈阳师范大学校内项目:中国文学图像化的历史与理论(XNW2016008)
关键词
意境
可视性
透视描写
如画
偶像崇拜
artistic imagery
visibility
description
picturesque
idolatry
