摘要
20世纪70年代以来,南海问题开始浮出水面。南海问题涉及到"五国六方"(中国、越南、菲律宾、文莱、马来西亚和中国台湾在内的"五国六方"),矛盾集中在南沙岛礁的主权归属、海域纠纷等方面。美国并非南海争端方,但却成为介入南海地区的实力最强的域外大国。美国对南海地区的介入是一个历史过程,自从奥巴马政府实行"亚太再平衡"战略以来,南海地区成为美国"重返东南亚"的重点地区。在客观现实中,中国与其他南海争端方之间的行为互动,常常成为中美两国在南海地区的较量。本文首先梳理了中国在南海地区的政策立场,以及美国对南海地区的介入过程,以考察中美两国在南海地区的行为演变过程。行为是社会学研究的起点,国家间行为互动是国际关系研究的重要切入点。在社会学中,完整的行动要素包括行动主体、客体及中介。从社会学的行为研究视角出发,分析中美两国在南海地区的行为互动,将中美两国在南海地区的行为互动假设为一个互动行为集合体,中美两国互为行为主、客体,而南海地区或南海地区国家为行为客体或行为中介。据此,可将中美在南海地区的行为互动分为三类行为,从这三类行为互动中可得知中美两国在主体间规范上的差异,以及双方在现实中的互动路径。这种研究视角,一方面可以对中美在南海地区的分歧和共同利益进行具体观察;另一方面,启发中美双方应在中美关系大局中处理在南海地区分歧,避免中美关系大局被南海地区或南海地区国家所主导。
Since 1970 s,the South China Sea issue has begun to emerge. TheSouth China Sea issue involves China,Vietnam,Philippines,Malaysia and the area of Taiwan. Their contradictions concentrated on the Nansha Islands waters sovereignty and maritime disputes. The United States is not the party of the South China Sea disputes,but it has become the extraterritorial power that intervened in the South China Sea issue. The U. S. involvement in the South China Sea is a historical process,since Obama government implemented the Asia Pacific rebalancing strategy,the South China Sea has become the focus area of the strategic return to Southeast Asia. In reality,the disputes among China and other parties of the South China Sea issue have become the contest between China and the United States. This paper firstly reviews the policy position of China in the South China Sea,and the intervention of the United States in the South China Sea,in order to investigate the behaviors of the two countries in the South China Sea. Behavior is the starting point of the sociology research,and the behavior interaction between countries is an important point in the research of international relations. In sociology,the complete action elements include the subject,the object and the intermediary. From the sociological behavior perspective,the interactive behavior between U. S. and China in the South China Sea should be assumed to be a collection of behaviors,the two countries are the main behavior subjects and behavior objects,and the South China Sea or the countries of South China Sea issue are behavior intermediaries. According to this,the interactive behavior of China and the United States in the South China Sea can be divided into three types. From these three types of behavior interaction,it shows the differences between the two countries, as well as the interaction path in reality between the two countries. This perspective can help us carry out specific observation of the differences and the common interests between China and U. S. in the South Ch
出处
《亚太安全与海洋研究》
2017年第2期49-63,126-127,共15页
Asia-Pacific Security and Maritime Affairs
关键词
中国
美国
南海问题
行为互动
互动路径
Chinese
US
the South China Sea issue
behavior interaction
interaction path
