摘要
社会关系的认知在本质上是以"自我"为中心的人际认知网络,指个体对自我与他人、他人与他人之间关系的认识。个体对自我与他人关系的认识首先在于将自我与他人区分即自我独特性,在各类研究中表现为自我参照效应,精细加工说、组织加工说和双加工假说对此进行了阐释;个体在自我和他人关系的基础上进行自我扩展,将亲近、相似或内群体他人纳入自我概念,表现为自我和他人信息加工具有相似的认知和神经过程,相关假设有心理理论和共情等。关于人我关系的形成与展现,近代西方的理论主要有自我解释理论、关系自我理论和自我扩展参照模型。未来应进一步立足于人我关系,采用多学科方法探讨处于动态人际背景中的社会关系的认知及神经机制。
Social relation cognition referred to the interpersonal cognitive network based on the perception of the self, which included the cognition of relationships between self and others, and interpersonal rela- tionships among others. The cognition of social relationships was self specificity above all. Individuals had the ability to distinguish themselves from others. In various studies, self specificity was presented as the self reference effect. Early assumptions of the cognitive processes included the hypothesis of elaborative processing, organizational processing and dual-process model. Secondly, based on the relationships between self and others, individuals developed the self-expansion to include the others in the self. Generally, these others referred to the people who were familiar or similar to the self, or the in-group persons. In behav- ioral and neural process, the self-expansion was presented as similar representations between self and oth- ers. And some assumptions were put forward to explain the shared representations, such as the hypothesis of perception-action imitation, theory of mind, and empathy. In sum, there were self-construal theory, re- lational self theory, and self-expansion reference model to explain these phenomena. Future research should further explore the cognitive and neural mechanism of social relation in dynamic interpersonal con- text based on mulfidisciplinary approach.
出处
《心理研究》
2017年第1期3-9,共7页
Psychological Research
基金
教育部人文社科项目(15YJC190023)
重庆市人文社科研究基地项目(K2014-06)
重庆市高等教育学会项目(CQGJ15058C)
关键词
社会关系认知
自我与他人表征
自我独特性
自我扩展
cognition of social relation
representation of self and others
self specificity
self expansion
