摘要
王国维提出的史学研究的"二重证据法",对20世纪中国学术研究产生了巨大的影响。嗣后,这一研究方法不仅迅速扩展到人类学、民族学、文学、语言学等一切研究领域,且又有不少学者根据不同实践与理解,发展为"三重证据法"。"汉语史"研究,实际上也是一种专门史的研究。近年来,汉语史研究中运用三重证据法(这里的"三"也可以理解为表示多的约数)者日益增多,比如取出土文献语料、传世文献语料与域外汉文文献语料(即类似陈寅恪先生所云"异族之故书")相互印证;取出土文献语料、传世文献语料与现代口语方言(即类似黄现璠先生所云"口述史料"、饶宗颐先生所云"田野调查")相互印证;取出土文献语料、传世文献语料与相关异国语语料(类似叶舒宪先生所云"人类学视野")相互印证;等等。今结合出土文献简帛医方中的"冶""饍"二字的考释问题,谈谈对三重证据法运用的一点粗浅体会。
The Double-Evidence Methodof Wang guowei's history research has a great influence on academic research in the 20 th century. Later, this method is extended to anthropology, ethnology, literature, linguistics, etc., and many scholars have developed it into the triple-evidence method based on different practices and understandings. The research on the history of Chinese is actually a kind of special history research. In recent years, the research of the history of Chinese using the triple-evidence Method grows more active, such as juxtaposing unearthed literature corpus, the handed down documents corpus and overseas Chinese documents corpus(i.e., similar to what Mr. Chen Yinque calls 'ancient Chinese books in Foreign countries') to confirm each other, or taking the unearthed literature corpus, the handed down documents corpus and modern dialect(i.e., similar to what Mr. Huang Xianfan calls 'Oral History Corpus' and Mr. Jao tsung-i calls 'field investigation') to confirm each other, or taking the unearthed literature corpus, the handed down documents corpus and related foreign language corpus(i.e., similar to what Mr. Ye Shuxian calls 'anthropological perspective' to confirm each other, and so on. This paper is my understanding of the triple-evidence method on the basis of a discussion of the study of 'Ye'(冶) and 'Shan'(饍) of bamboo silk and prescription.
出处
《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期162-171,共10页
Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目"汉语史语料库建设研究"(项目编号:10&ZD117)的阶段性成果
关键词
三重证据法
汉语史
冶
饍
the triple-evidence method
history of Chinese
ye
shan
