摘要
为了解晋南旱地小麦育种发展趋势,对2006—2015年晋南旱地小麦区试参试的121份品系进行农艺性状比较分析、相关分析和通径分析。结果表明:单位面积产量变异系数最大(29.74%)。产量三因素变异系数顺序为有效穗数>穗粒数>千粒重。单位面积产量与有效穗数(0.869**)、株高(0.878**)、穗粒数(0.775**)、有效分蘖率(0.735*)、千粒重(0.593**)、穗长(0.519**)和最高总茎数(0.371**)极显著正相关,与基本苗(0.191*)显著正相关,与生育期(-0.291**)极显著负相关。有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、株高、有效分蘖率和生育期对单位面积产量的直接贡献较大,依次为有效穗(0.591)>穗粒数(0.373)>千粒重(0.266)>株高(0.093)>有效分蘖率(|-0.069|)>生育期(0.059),它们决定了单位面积产量97.65%的变异。2006—2015年山西省南部旱地小麦品种产量的提高是在保证穗数的基础上,通过增加穗粒数和提高千粒重来实现的。
In order to understand the development trend of dryland wheat breeding in southern Shanxi, agronomic characters of 121 wheat lines in dryland regional trial in southern Shanxi from 2006 to 2015 were analyzed by comparison analysis, correlation analysis and path analysis method. The results showed that unit area yield had the highest variable coefficient of 29.74%. The order of variable coefficient of the three yield factors was number of productive ear 〉 kernels of per spike 〉 thousand seed weight. Per unit area yield was very significantly and positively correlated with the number of productive ear （0.869＊＊）, plant height （0.878＊＊）, kernels of per spike （0.775＊＊）, effective tiller rate （0.735＊）, thousand seed weight （0.593＊＊）, spike length （0.519＊＊） and the number of highest total tiller （0.371＊＊）, and significantly and positively correlated with basic seedling （0.191＊）, while very significantly and negatively correlated with growth period （-0.291＂）. Number of productive ear （0.591）, kernels of per spike （0.373）, thousand seed weight （0.266）, plant height （0.093）, effective tiller number （ ｜ -0.069 ｜ ） and growth period （0.059） had relatively great direct contribution to the unit area yield, which determined 97.65% variation of the unit area yield. The improvement of dryland wheat yield in southem Shanxi from 2006 to 2015 was realized by the guarantee of spike number and the improvement of kernels of per spike and thousand seed weight.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第3期19-23,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山西省农业科学院育种工程项目"抗旱优质高产小麦新品种选育"(16yzgc044)
关键词
旱地小麦
农艺性状
相关分析
通径分析
晋南
dryland wheat
agronomic characters
correlation analysis
path analysis
southern Shanxi
