摘要
阿马蒂亚·森的权力贫困观和能力贫困观,为我国精准扶贫工作提供了基本伦理——赋权增能。社会工作的专业理念和实践经验,与扶贫、赋权增能有着天然的亲和性,在赋权增能的视角下,研究社会工作如何介入农村精准扶贫具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。本文设想了社会工作介入农村精准扶贫的四条路径:第一,从"外力推动模式",渐次推进到"内力推动模式";第二,以精准识别主体需求为起点,定制增权计划;第三,以文化教育服务为基点,推升贫困农民综合素养;第四,以自治经济组织为依托,挖掘脱贫的内生动力。然而,社会工作有效介入农村精准扶贫尚面临着一系列的困境,主要包括:在扶贫体系中的定位和分工尚不清晰,农村社会工作队伍的规模化、专业化、职业化严重滞后,实践中易出现专业融合和文化识盲问题。
Amartya Sen's opinions about poverty from power and ability, provide basic ethics, that is empowerment, for the practice of taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty in China. The professional ideas and practical experience in social work have a natural affinity with poverty alleviation, empowerment. Thus in the perspective of empowerment, clarifying what social work could do in rurallytaking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty,have certain theoretical value and practical significance. This paper proposes four ways of social work's intervention: firstly,Firstly, from the‘external force model', gradually advance to‘internal force model'. Secondly, to accurately identify the main demands of the poor peasants as the starting point, customize program of program for them. Thirdly, based on the cultural and educational services, improve the comprehensive quality of the poor peasants. At last, based on the autonomous economic organization, excavate the endogenous driving force. But social work's intervention have to face a series of difficulty which include it's vague position and role in the whole system of poverty alleviation, serious lag in scale, specialization and professionalization of the rural social work team, the common problems in practice level such as professional integration and cultural awareness.
出处
《社会工作》
2016年第5期15-23,共9页
Journal of Social Work
