摘要
以上海某感潮圩区水系除涝规模计算为例,采用水量平衡方法和河网水动力数学模型方法,对“麦莎”雨型潮型组合和“63年”雨型潮型组合情况,不同除涝设施规模下内河水系水位进行分析计算,并对暴雨历时取值、涝水排出程度确定、起调水位与预降可能性、河道近远期实施、用地性质变化、水面率控制等对除涝规模影响进行探讨。结果表明：1）在约100km^2区域内,水量平衡方法和河网水动力数学模型方法计算的河道水力要素和除涝设施规模均可满足工程精度要求。2）不同雨型潮型组合对内河最高水位和高水位持续时间不同,“麦莎”雨型潮型组合情况下内河最高水位较高,而“63年”雨型潮型组合情况下高水位持续时间较长,后期河道水位也较高。3）设计雨型潮型组合情况下,泵站强排对控制内河水系最高水位影响较大,但为减少运行期能耗,应尽量加大水闸规模,利用水闸自流排涝。4）暴雨前预降内河水位,增加河道调蓄量,对降低除涝设施规模有利,但需考虑河道水位预降可能性及其风险。5）平原感潮圩区除涝标准涉及设计暴雨重现期、设计暴雨历时、涝水排除时间、涝水排出程度、设计潮位与过程,尤其是雨型潮型组合对除涝规模影响较大。
Based on the water budget method and the river-network numerical model, the water level of the inland river-network under different scales of drainage facilities are analyzed through the scenario of a certain tidal polder in Shanghai. The ＂Matsa＂ and ＂63-year＂ rainfall-tide-combinations are both considered, and the value of the rainstorm duration, the determination of the drainage degree, the initial dispatch stage, the pre-reducing possibility, the short and long-term implementation of the river, the land usage transition and the controlling of the water surface ratio are discussed. The results indicate that： 1） the river hydraulic factors and the scales of the drainage facilities calculated by the water budge method and the numerical model respectively, both fulfill the accuracy requirements of the engineering in the area of 100km2. 2） The peak water levels and durations of the high water level are different between the ＂Matsa＂ and ＂63-year＂ cases. The peak water level is relatively large under the ＂Matsa＂ case,yet the duration of the high-water-level stage is longer and the water level is higher in the later stage under the ＂63-year＂ case. 3） Under the designed rainfall-tide-combination case, the controlling of pump station on the peak water level in the river-network is considerable. However, in order to reduce the energy consumption during the operation period, the sluice should be scaled up to fully utilize the gravity drainage. 4） Pre-reducing the water level of the inland river can increase its storage capacity, which benefits the lowering of the scale of the drainage facility. However, the pre-reducing possibility and the incident risks should also be taken into consideration. 5） The technical standard of waterlogging in plain tidal polder is related to the designed rainstorm recurrence interval, the designed rainstorm period, the drainage time, the degree of the drainage, the designed tidal level and tidal process, and especially the rainfall-tide-combination, which h
出处
《上海水务》
2016年第4期3-8,40,共7页
Shanghai Water
关键词
平原感潮地区
除涝标准
除涝规模
雨型潮型组合
tidal plain area
drainage criteria
drainage size
rainfall-tide-combinations
