摘要
学位类型的划分是影响研究生培养模式和质量的关键因素之一,目前我国研究生的学位类型简单地划分为学术型和专业型两种,未能反映职业市场对劳动力类型丰富多彩的实际需求和学科性质的多样性特点。文章认为研究生学位类型的划分问题涉及到研究生教育的供给侧改革,建议对我国研究生学位类型进行重新划分,至少增加一个"应用型",并根据新的办法,对研究生教育类型结构做出重大调整,即极大地缩小目前所谓"学术型"学位的培养规模,大量招收应用型、专业型学位的学生,以优化人才培养结构和质量,回应社会对高层次人才类型的多元需求。
IWith continuing expansion of graduate education in China,the quality issue has increasingly aroused attention.One of the key factors that influence the quality of graduate education is the cultivation mode,which is based on the classification of types of graduate degrees.The objectives of degrees vary with types of degrees,which in turn correspond to cultivation modes.Currently graduate degrees in China are categorized as academic degrees and professional degrees.What do academic degrees and professional degrees mean indeed? Why graduate degrees are categorized as two types,instead of three types or more? There lacks clarification in scholarship.As a matter of fact,such dichotomy hardly meets the needs of the labor market for different occupations;to make things worse,it leads to confusion of education objectives and ossification of cultivation modes.The definition of 'professional degrees',according to the Interim Measures of Creating and Approving Professional Degrees issued by the Academic Degree Commission of the State Council on July 22 in 1996,'a type of degrees with professional background,and set for the purpose of preparing high-level professional talents in certain occupations',seems to be too vague and ambiguous,because all degrees are supposed to prepare talents for certain occupations.Western nations such as the United States and the United Kingdom with well-developed graduate education do not have definitions exactly corresponding to reality in China.The dichotomy of classifying graduate degrees into academic degrees and professional degrees is not well grounded.Furthermore,as graduate education in China keeps expanding,and the demand for high-level professional talents by the labor market keeps diversifying,such dichotomy has greatly hampered the development of graduate education in China and the enhancement of its quality.Arguably,there should be a third type,or,more types of degree between academic degrees and professional degrees,considering the increasing growth of disciplines,and continuing d
出处
《大学教育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期24-28,共5页
University Education Science
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"创新专业学位研究生培养模式研究"(13JZD0049)
关键词
研究生教育
培养目标
培养质量
学位类型
类型结构
graduate education
quality of graduate education
cultivation mode
classification of types
objectives of cultivation
instruction of classification
