摘要
金朝前期,北宋中叶以来的白银货币化持续推进。大定年间的商品—货币关系中,白银的社会身份从商品变成货币,白银货币化初步实现。金廷赋予白银征纳赋税的法偿地位,认可银钱兑换关系,形成了官方法定的银钱兑换价。金朝中期交钞贬值,银两全面成为官方法定货币,独立行使货币职能,铜钱的货币职能则日益式微,银钱两种金属货币的地位形成均势。大安、贞祐以后,银两逐步代替铜钱成为钞本,开始决定交钞价值,成为基准定价货币;铜钱则由停铸、限藏、限用到废而不用,全面逃离市场。金末的银钱钞关系中,钱退银进,货币白银化取得重大进展。银两逐步成为交钞之本,并借助交钞等分价值、投入流通。蒙元时期以银为本、禁银行钞的"银钞相权"货币流通格局,在金朝末年已初具雏形。
The silver＇ s monetization since the middle Song Dynasty was carried forward to the early Jin Dynasty. In the relationship between the goods and currency during the Dading years,the silver＇ s social identity changed from the goods into the currency,and its monetization was preliminarily realized. The Jin court endowed the silver with the legitimate payable position in the taxation and accepted the exchangeable relationship between the silver and paper currency,and their official exchange rate was formulated. In the middle Jin Dynasty when the paper currency（ Jiao Chao） was devalued,the silver ingots completely became an official legal currency and played an independent monetary role.As the monetary function of the copper coins became increasingly weak,the roles of the two metal currencies became balanced. After the Da＇ an and Zhenyou years the silver ingots gradually replaced the copper coins as the currency standard,began to decide the value of the paper currency,and became the basic value- fixing currency. The casting of the copper coins was stopped,and their collection and circulation were constrained and then abolished,so they disappeared from the market completely. In the relationship between the silver and paper currencies in the late Jin Dynasty,the silver currency advanced as the paper currency retreated,and the silver＇ s monetization made great progress. The silver ingots gradually became the currency standard and were put into circulation with the help of its exchange with the paper currency. The structure of currency circulation with the silver as the standard in the exchange between the silver and paper currencies to ban the silver currency and circulate the paper currency in the Yuan Dynasty began to take shape in the late Jin Dynasty.
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期69-77,共9页
Thinking
关键词
金朝
白银
铜钱
法定货币
银钞相权
the Jin dynasty
silver
copper coin
legal currency
the exchange between the silver and paper currencies
