摘要
我国是一个历史悠久的农业大国,村庄是农民实现自然再生产和社会再生产的重要场域,村域经济是影响村庄劳动力流动的重要因素。文章利用中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)系统中全国139个行政村的样本数据,采用二分类logistic回归模型,基于推拉理论视角研究了村域经济对村庄劳动力流动的影响。结果表明村庄的资源禀赋、产业结构、公共品供给以及村庄的市场发育状况对村庄劳动力流动具有正向显著影响,人均耕地面积、农村日工资水平、村庄二三产业发展状况及村庄能人数量与劳动力流出成负相关。结合推拉理论,从制度设计、人力资本和物质资本等方面提出了相关政策建议。制度设计方面强调界定好政府与市场的边界,促进城乡要素按照价格信号自由流动,彻底破除城乡二元户籍制度及农民工城市就业、社会保障、随迁子女教育等方面延伸障碍;人力资本方面提出建立精准培训瞄准机制,重点对新生代农民工、初高中分流毕业生、新型农业经营主体进行有针对性的职业技能培训;物质资本方面提出对农村基础设施和人居环境改善进行投资,完善农民小额信贷制度,新增农业补贴重点支持家庭农场、种植大户等,多源流改善农民资金约束和金融抑制问题。
China is an agricultural country with a long history and villages in the countryside are the most important place for villagers＇ natural reproduction and social reproduction. Therefore, the village economy has a significant influence on the mobility of the villagers. Based on the CLDS sample data of 139 villages in China, this thesis analyses the effect of the village economy on the mobility of the village labors with binary logistic regression. Findings show that the endowment of resources, the industrial structure, the supply of public goods and the market maturity have significant effect on the mobility of the villagers. Then, the thesis puts forward some related policy suggestions from the aspects of system design, human capital and material capital. Firstly, it is suggested to emphasize the boundary between government and market and promote the free flow of the urban and rural elements as per price signals. Secondly, it is advisable to increase investment in rural human capital and focus on the new generation of migrant workers, secondary school graduates, family farmers to carry out targeted vocational skills training. Thirdly, governments should increase investment in rural infrastructure and environmental improvement and improve the farmers＂ small credit system. The agricultural subsidies newly increased should support family farms and big planters. Finally, it is suggested to take variety of methods to improve farmers＂ financial constraints and financial repression.
作者
张磊
罗光强
ZHANG Lei LUO Guangqiang(School of Economics, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128,china)
出处
《四川理工学院学报（社会科学版）》
2016年第5期30-39,共10页
Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金资助项目(15BJY095)
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2016B287)
关键词
村域经济
农民工
人口流动
乡城迁移
推拉理论
LOGISTIC模型
village economy
migrant workers
population mobility
rural-urban migration
push-pull theory
,logistic regression
