摘要
执行功能是指个体完成复杂的认知任务时,对各种基本认知过程进行协调和控制的高级认知过程,它使个体表现出适应性的目标导向行为。个体的执行功能可以通过训练得到提高,如何采取有效的干预措施提高儿童的执行功能,成为近年来该研究领域的热点。运动被看作是提升儿童执行功能的有效途径之一,运动经历会给婴儿或儿童时期的执行功能的发展带来益处。运动干预可以根据时长、认知参与度进行分类,不同的运动干预方式对儿童执行功能的提升作用不同,通过对比分析,可以了解不同类型的运动对儿童执行功能产生影响的潜在机制,最后提出该领域未来研究方向的建议:1)加强对特殊儿童群体的运动干预研究;2)从发展的角度考察运动经历对儿童执行功能发展的影响;3)考察儿童的年龄与不同的运动方式对儿童执行功能的共同作用;4)探讨运动方式对不同易感性儿童的心理社会功能的差异性影响。
Executive function(EF)refers to the higher-order cognition that permits humans to behave in an adaptive and goal-directed fashion when completing complex tasks.It has been proved that EF can be improved by various activities.And how to improve children's EFs through effective interventions has become a hot issue of research in this field.Exercise is found to be one of effective ways to improve children's EF,and will be of great benefit to the development of EF in infancy or childhood.First of all,exercises could be categorized based on the duration and the degree of cognitive engagement.And then the possible mechanisms underlie the link between exercise and EF will be discussed.Finally,suggestions are put forward for the future research directions in this field:1)to strengthen the movement of special children group intervention study;2)from the angle of the development of inspection campaign through its influence on the development of the children's executive function;3)the age of the child and different ways of movement combination of children's executive function;4)to explore ways of different susceptibility differences affect children's psychosocial function.
出处
《首都体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期566-571,共6页
Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports
关键词
运动
执行功能
儿童
认知过程
exercise
executive function
children
cognitive processes
