摘要
紫花苜蓿是我国种植面积最大的人工牧草,具有重要的经济价值和社会效益。干旱是影响紫花苜蓿分布及产量的主要环境因子之一。土壤水分不足可导致紫花苜蓿的形态结构发生一定改变,从而使植株能够更好地适应胁迫环境。同时,苜蓿植株体内可通过一系列生理生化反应来减缓或降低干旱胁迫造成的损伤。近年来,人们对于紫花苜蓿转基因植株的培育以及苜蓿自身胁迫相关基因的研究报道较多。主要对紫花苜蓿抗旱的形态、生理和分子机制等方面的研究结果进行综述和讨论,发现干旱胁迫导致紫花苜蓿植株体内激素含量的变化,影响相应转录因子的活性,从而激活相应的功能基因,引起体内生理生化的变化。建议今后的研究在于阐述紫花苜蓿抗逆应答网络,挖掘更多的基因资源,通过分子育种手段培养高抗性新品种。
Alfalfa（Medicago sativa）is a forage grass with the largest cultivation area in China and has important economic value and social benefits. Drought is one of the major environmental factors influencing the production and distribution of alfalfa. Soil water deficiency could lead to alfalfa＇s morphological structure changes,which makes plant better adapt to the stress environment. Meanwhile,a series of physiological and biochemical responses in alfalfa plants are activated to alleviate or reduce the damage caused by drought stress. In recent years,scientists have identified drought-related genes in alfalfa and created drought tolerant transgenic plants. In this paper,alfalfa morphological,physiological and molecular mechanism in response to drought stress are reviewed and discussed. Drought stress affects phytohormone metabolism,resulting in regulation of transcription factors,which in turn modulates expression of metabolism related and stress responsive genes in alfalfa,leading to physiological and biochemical changes. Future researches should pay more attention to the regulation network in response to stresses and the excavation of new gene resources,which are beneficial to breeding programs of novel alfalfa varieties with enhanced resistance.
出处
《生物技术通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期34-41,共8页
Biotechnology Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31370302)
关键词
紫花苜蓿
干旱胁迫
形态结构
生理生化反应
分子机制
alfalfa
drought stress
morphological structure
physiological and biochemical response
molecular mechanism
