摘要
为解决煤矿锚索材料在缓慢大变形和瞬时大变形支护时出现的问题,采用理论分析、实验室测试、现场试验等相结合的方法,研发由恒阻装置和锚索体组成的煤矿专用高恒阻大变形锚索;室内试验得出恒阻锚索静力拉伸时,可保持350 k N的恒阻力,延伸量可达300~950 mm;动力冲击荷载时在达到极限延伸量1.6 m时,冲击阻力基本稳定在280~375 k N;恒阻锚索以滑脱破坏失效代替传统锚索的崩断破坏。在锚索受力超出恒阻值后,恒阻器进入滑移阶段,该阶段恒阻器温度呈现先陡然增加后缓慢减小趋于平缓的特征,最高温度35.6°;并且随着锚索拉伸量的增加恒阻套管外径均匀增大的负泊松比的工程材料特性,外径最大增加量4.1 mm,负泊松比值-0.5^-2.0。在回采巷道爆破冲击破坏试验、高瓦斯恒阻锚索留巷、浅埋大断面切顶成巷等大变形巷道工程中的现场试验,恒阻器滑移量最大值57 mm,具有低温、高预紧力、大延伸量等支护优势,支护效果良好,在软岩巷道支护、深井支护、冲击巷道、动压巷道等支护实践中,具有良好的推广价值。
To deal with the problems associated with anchor rope support in tunnels with slow and instantaneous large deformation which occurred frequently in coal mines,an appropriate high constant resistance and large deformation anchor rope,which is made of the constant resistance device and anchor body,has been invented based on the oretical analysis,laboratory and field tests. The laboratory test showed that the constant resistance anchor rope provided a constant resistance of 350 k N and the displacement reached 300–950 mm under the static tension,and that the burst resisting force was 280–375 k N under the burst impact dynamic load when the limit elongation was not exceeding 1.6 m. the developed anchor rope displayed the detachment failure instead of breaking failure of traditional anchor rope. Once the anchor rope force exceeded the maximum constant value,the constant resistant cell began to slip. In the slipping stage,the temperature of the constant resistant cell increased rapidly first,then decreased slowly and approached stable finally. The highest working temperature is 35.6°. The external conjugate diameter of the constant resistant cellswasenlarged evenly along its axis,exhibiting a negative Poisson′s ratio. The maximum value of radial expansion is 4.1 mm and the Poisson＇s ratio is between-0.5 and-2.0. In the blast impact failure test at backstopping tunnel,the high gas and constant resistance anchor rope entry retaining and the large section cut roof entry retaining,the maximum slipping value of constant resistant cell was 57 mm. The constant anchor rope has the advantage of low temperature,high pretightening force,and large elongation.
作者
张国锋
王二雨
许丽莹
ZHANG Guofeng WANG Eryu XU Liying(State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Belting 100083, China)
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期2033-2043,共11页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
基金
教育部高校博士点基金资助项目(20130023120011)
中央高校基本科研基金资助项目(2012800015DQ)~~
关键词
采矿工程
高恒阻大变形锚索
静力拉伸测试
动力冲击测试
巷道支护
mining engineering
high constant resistance and large deformation anchor rope
static tensile test
dynamic impact test
support of tunnel
