摘要
有机物是大气气溶胶中非常重要的化学组分,对我国空气污染及灰霾事件发生具有显著的贡献,是当前大气化学研究的最前沿课题之一。有机气溶胶中包含大量有毒物质(如多环芳香烃、多氯联苯及有机胺类等),直接危害人体健康。目前气溶胶中有机组分的体内/体外生物毒性研究多集中于污染源直接排放的一次颗粒物,对于大气中二次有机气溶胶的形成和毒性效应的关注很少。本文以多环芳烃、有机胺及自然源萜烯类挥发性有机物为例,简要综述了大气中二次有机气溶胶的形成及其生物毒性效应,重点关注这些二次有机气溶胶的形成对母体有机组分生物毒性的增强作用,以增进对大气气溶胶污染的健康危害认识。
Background, aim, and scope Along with the rapid development of Chinese economy, pollutants derived from increasing usage of fossil fuels and biofuels, as well as emissions from waste incineration and dust have been causing serious air pollution problems in many areas of China. Particular matter （PM）, especially anthropogenic aerosols, emitted from various sources may alter regional atmospheric stability, and are of significant impact on climate change and human health. Comparing with PM10 （aerodynamic diameter ~〈 10 ~rn）, fine particle （PM25, aerodynamic diameter ~〈2.5 Inn） do more damage to human health. Organic matter （OM）, an important chemical composition of fine particle, takes 20%--90% of the fine particles, has a significant impact on air pollution and haze event which is happening in China, and has become a frontier of atmospheric chemistry research area. Consisting with many toxic compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）, organic amines and so on, organic aerosol is harmful for human health. Many in-vitro and in- vito studies of biological toxicity were focused on the primary particulate matters emitted directly from the pollution sources, however, attention for the formation and toxicity of secondary organic aerosols （SOA） are really scarce and therefore urgent. Materials and methods Taking PAHs, amines, and biogenic terpenes as examples, in order to improve the understanding on health damage of SOA pollution, this article briefly reviewed the formation and bio-toxicity effects of specific group of SOA, and focused on the rising toxicity of the products comparing with their parent compounds. Results （1） Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）. Because of the mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic properties, PAHs has focused a great deal of attention from scientific researchers and is considered as one of the most important organic pollutants in the atmosphere. Parent PAHs in the aerosols can undergo a photo-oxi
出处
《地球环境学报》
2016年第5期431-441,共11页
Journal of Earth Environment
基金
中国科学院战略先导性专项(XDB05000000)~~
关键词
二次有机气溶胶
毒性
多环芳烃
有机胺
萜烯
secondary organic aerosols （SOA）
toxicity
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）
amines
terpenes
