摘要
本文应用2008—2010年冬季黑碳浓度、已有排放数据和同时期气象资料(风速风向、边界层高度)分析了关中地区冬季平均黑碳浓度年际变化受局地排放、风速风向和边界层高度的影响。结果表明,2010年黑碳浓度明显高于2008年和2009年,其中局地排放的增加使得黑碳浓度明显增加,贡献率约为50%;2010年边界层高度的明显降低,抑制了近地面污染物的扩散,加剧了地面黑碳的累积。此外,关中地区冬季风速较小、风场以旋转风和辐合风为主,不利于污染物的扩散,会进一步加剧污染物的累积和聚集。因此,对于冬季空气质量的改善,需根据局地风场和边界层状况,合理调整主要排放源的排放量,如在不利天气条件下加强对排放的管控。
Background, aim, and scope Guanzhong region in mid-western China is experiencing severe air pollution during winterize in recent years, so the region is listed on the national key region where air pollution is urgently needed to improve. However, compared to the more developed eastern China, limited studies are available in this region. Thus, how air pollutions form and which factors affect air pollutions should be paid more attention. This study used in-situ black carbon （BC） concentration, BC emission inventories, and meteorological parameters in the Guanzhong region, aiming to analyze charactefistics of annual variation of BC concentration during wintertime and investigate how the emission and meteorological parameters （winds and planetary boundary layer, PBL） affect BC concentration. Materials and methods Black carbon was measured by an aethalometer （Model AE-16, Magee Scientific Company, Berkley, CA, USA）. The instrument used quartzfiber filter tape transmission at 880 nm wavelength, with a 5-min resolution, 5 L·min-1 of airflow rate and ±2% accuracy. Black carbon concentration is derived from the linear relationship between BC concentration and light attenuation absorption coefficient. The 3-hour temperature, wind speed and direction are observed at weather stations in the Guanzhong region, and data are available from http：//gis.nedc.noaa.gov/map/viewer/. Out of PBL height observation during BC measurement, we use reanalysis PBL heights with a spatial resolution of 0.125°× 0.125° from European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts （ECMWF）. The data is available at http：// www.ecmwf.int/products/data/. In this study, we mainly use the statistics and the correlation analysis to calculate the effects of BC emission, winds and PBL heights on BC concentration. Results Black carbon concentration and BC emission in winter both have an obvious increase from 2008 to 2010, but with quite different increase percentages. Prevailing wind direction has no obvious annual variation but the wind
出处
《地球环境学报》
2016年第6期598-604,共7页
Journal of Earth Environment
基金
中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLQG1429)
国家自然科学基金项目(41275186,41430424)~~
关键词
黑碳
排放
风速风向
边界层高度
空气污染
black carbon
emission
wind
planetary boundary layer height
air pollution
