摘要
目的对患者和家属的培训是保证居家腹膜透析顺利进行的决定性因素。本研究通过回顾性调查腹膜透析操作者在早期不同透析时期的培训考核得分,了解不同透析时期的主要问题,从而提供针对性培训,以避免、减少各种腹膜透析相关并发症的发生。方法收集2012年1月1日至2014年12月31日期间北京大学人民医院腹膜透析患者的一般资料,采用自行设计的考核评分表调查初次培训(即0月)和再培训(6月、12月)的考核得分,比较不同透析时期操作者存在的主要问题。结果 1共72例操作者入选本研究,0月考核总分74.32±13.52,所有操作者考核合格。26月的考核总分62.33±10.15以及12月的考核总分62.49±9.20均明显低于0月的考核总分(6月比0月:t=6.445,P=0.000;12月比0月:t=6.499,P=0.000)。在分项计分的六项考核内容中,除12月的出口护理得分与0月相比P>0.05外,其余各项得分在6月、12月均明显低于0月(6月比0月,环境与卫生:t=4.971,P=0.000,换液操作:t=2.575,P=0.012,出口护理:t=2.970,P=0.004,并发症处理:t=9.944,P=0.000,自我监测:t=5.795,P=0.000,饮食知识:t=4.481,P=0.000。12月比0月,环境与卫生:t=4.046,P=0.000,换液操作:t=2.665,P=0.010,并发症处理:t=8.992,P=0.000,自我监测:t=3.357,P=0.001,饮食知识:t=6.927,P=0.000)。而6月各项得分与12月比,12月的饮食知识评分明显低于6月(t=13.648,P=0.000),其余评分未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。3在0月、6月、12月,换液操作及并发症处理的实际得分占应得分的百分比均为最低。4本人操作组与他人辅助操作组间在0月、6月、12月培训考核的单项得分及总分均未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论初次培训后所有腹膜透析操作者考核均合格,但换液操作及并发症处理是其薄弱环节,应该加强相关培训。6月、12月时所有腹膜透析相关的知识及技能操作考核得分均明显降低,说明需要加强全面的再培训,尤其应该加强换液操作
Objectives The training for peritoneal dialysis（PD） patients and their families is an essential factor to ensure home PD progress smoothly. In our retrospective study, we investigated the examination scores of PD training in different dialysis duration in early stage of PD to find main problems in different PD duration, thus provide targeted training, so as to avoid and reduce the occurrence of PD-related complications. Methods The general data of PD patients from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014 were collected. The training exam scores at first time of training （0 month） and retraining （6months and 12months after PD） were assessed by using self-design table for PD operators. Then main problems in different PD duration were compared. Result OA total of 72 operators were enrolled in this study. The average score at 0 month was 74.32± 13.52. All operators passed the examination. （2） The total score was 62.33±10.15 after 6 months, 62.49±9.2 after 12 months, significantly lower than the score at 0 month, （6 months vs 0 month： t=6.445, P=0.000; 12 months vs 0 month： t=6.499, P=0.000）. The individual part scores of the examination after 6 and 12 months were significantly lower than those at 0 month, except the exit-site care scores after 12 months compared to 0 month, P〉0.05 （6 months vs. 0 month, environmental and hygiene： t=4.971, P=0.000, exchange procedure： t= 2.575, P=0.012, exit-site care： t=2.970, P=0.004, complication management： t=9.944, P=0.000, self-monitoring： t=5.795, P=0.000, diet knowledge： t=4.481, P=0.000. 12 months vs 0 month, environmental and hygiene： t=4.046, P=0.000, exchange procedure： t=2.665, P=0.010, complication management： t=8.992, P：0.000, selfmonitoring： t=3.357, P=0.001, diet knowledge： t=6.927, P=0.000）. Compared the scores after 6months with those after 12 months, the scores of diet knowledge after 12 months were significantly lower than that after 6 months （t=-13.648, P=0.000）. There were no statistical difference among s
出处
《中国血液净化》
2016年第9期504-507,共4页
Chinese Journal of Blood Purification
基金
北京大学人民医院研究与发展基金资助项目(研究编号:RDB2014-16)
关键词
腹膜透析
培训
再培训
考核得分
Peritoneal dialysis
Training
Retraining
Dialysis duration
