摘要
将供应链管理引入需求分布自由的市场环境中,以回购契约作为管理的激励机制,研究均为风险中性的供应商—零售商构成的供应链系统的最优订购—定价决策以及回购契约的协调性问题.研究需求分布自由环境下供应链系统的协调性具有重要意义,尤其是对缺乏充分历史销售数据的新产品,短生命周期产品而言.基于期望收益准则和需求分布自由,分别建立供应链系统、零售商和供应商的上界、下界和最小期望收益模型,并在不同的需求依赖价格模式(加型模式和乘型模式)下,分析供应链的最优订购—定价决策以及回购契约的协调性.研究发现,供应链系统的期望收益在由上界向下界乃至退化为最小期望收益时,回购契约的协调能力逐渐增强.即,在上界期望收益模型中,回购契约无法协调供应链系统;在下界期望收益模型中,存在唯一的一组回购契约参数协调供应链系统;在最小期望收益模型中,回购参数是批发价格的反应函数,回购契约可以灵活地协调供应链系统.
Taking buyback contract as an incentive mechanism of supply chain system, the optimal ordering quantity, pricing, and system coordination in a single-supplier single-retailer supply chain under distribution- free environment is investigated. The supplier and the retailer are both risk neutral. Researches on the per- formance and coordination of supply chain under distribution-free environment are of great importance, espe- cially for new products with insufficient historic sales data, short life cycle products, and products which are difficult to identify the demand distribution by Probability Theory. An upper-bound expected revenue model, a lower-bound expected revenue model and a minimum expected revenue model are established, respectively, for the supplier-retailer supply based on the expected revenue criterion and distribution-free approach. The op- timal ordering quantity, pricing decision, and system coordination under the different demand-dependent pri- cing modes are analyzed. The result shows that the coordination ability of the buyback contract increases as the supply-chain system＇s expected revenue changes from the upper-bound expected revenue model to the lower- bound expected revenue model and finally to the minimum expected revenue model. Namely, for the upper- bound expected revenue model, the buyback contract cannot coordinate the supply chain; for the lower-bound expected revenue model, there exists a unique buyback contract; and for the minimum expected revenue mod- el, the buyback contract is a reactive function of the wholesale contract, which can flexibly coordinate the sup- ply-chain system.
出处
《管理科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第9期67-78,共12页
Journal of Management Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61305074)
国家社会科学基金资助项目(10CGL013)
四川省科技厅创新苗子工程资助项目(2014-057)
关键词
分布自由
回购契约
供应链协调
需求依赖价格
distribution free
buyback contract
supply chain coordination
price-depended demand
