摘要
DNA甲基化在基因组的稳定性、转录和翻译过程中都有深远的影响。近年来,学者们对TET(ten-eleven translocation)蛋白家族的研究突破大大提高了人们对DNA去甲基化的理解。5-甲基胞嘧啶(5m C)是DNA去甲基化过程中的关键中间体,它能通过与复制相关的DNA被动去甲基化途径或经过氧化、还原及胸腺嘧啶DNA糖苷酶(TDG)介导的碱基切除修复的DNA主动去甲基化途径,最终将5m C还原为胞嘧啶。许多证据表明DNA主动去甲基化过程具有重要的生物学意义。该文综述了近年来DNA主动去甲基化的研究进展,重点阐述了TET蛋白、TDG介导的DNA主动去甲基化途径的新进展,为进一步的深入研究提供理论支持。
DNA methylation exerts a profound effect upon the genome stability,transcription and translation processes. In recent years, breakthrough studies of ten-eleven translocation （TET） enzyme family significantly deepen our understanding of DNA demethylation. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine （5mC） , as a key inter-mediate of DNA demethylation, can eventually reduce 5mC to cytosine either through replication-related passive DNA demethylation pathway or DNA active demethylation pathway of base excision repair （ BER） mediated by oxidation, reduction and thymine-DNA glycosylase （TDG）. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that DNA active demethylation is of pivotal biological significance. This article summarized the research progress of DNA active demethylation in recent years, especially the research progress of TET and TDG-mediated DNA active demethylation, providing theoretical reference for further investigations.
出处
《新医学》
2016年第9期581-585,共5页
Journal of New Medicine
基金
黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2014C098)
2015年度黑龙江省博士后科研启动金(LBH-Q15099)
