摘要
目的 :评价饮用水中重金属元素对中小学生健康的潜在危害。方法 :检测南京市某区中小学生住宅和学校的饮用水中重金属元素含量,采用美国国家环境保护署(EPA)推荐的分析方法建立风险分析模型,对8种重金属元素(As、Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg、Zn、Sb、Cu)经饮用水途径对中小学生引起的健康风险作出评估,并以蒙特卡罗模拟法分析评估的不确定性。结果 :致癌物(As、Cr、Cd)的年致癌风险均值分别为1.6×10^(-6)、1.5×10^(-7)、1.4×10^(-7(,非致癌物(Hg、Pb、Sb、Zn、Cu)的年健康风险均值分别1.0×10^(-10)、8.0×10^(-11)、6.8×10^-7、4.0×10^-11、3.9×10^-9,重金属元素总健康风险均值为2.5×10^(-6)。结论:重金属经饮用水途径产生的健康风险超过最大可接受风险水平(1×10^(-6)),对中小学生健康存在潜在不良影响。敏感度分析提示饮用水中重金属元素含量是健康风险的主要影响因素之一。
Objective：To evaluate the potential hazards of heavy metal in drinking water in primary and middle school students. Methods： We detected heavy metal elements in residential and school drinking water of primary and middle school students, and assessed risk of 8 kinds of heavy metals（As,Cr,Cd,Pb,Hg,Zn,Sb,Cu） using method recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）,and used Monte Carlo simulation method to analyze and evaluate the uncertainty. Results： The annual carcinogenic risks for carcinogenic elements,As,Cr,Cd were 1.6 ×10^-4, 1.5×10^-7, 1.4 ×10^-7,respectively. For non carcinogens（Hg,Pb,Sb,Zn,Cu）,the annual carcinogenic risks were 1.0 ×10^-10,8.0 ×10^-11,6.8 ×10^-7,4.0 ×10^-11,and 3.9×10^-9 respectively. The total health risk was 2.5 ×10^-4. Conclusion：The health risk of heavy metals caused by drinking water is more than the maximum acceptable risk level（1 ×10^-4） ,and exerts potential adverse effects on health of primary and middle school students. The sensitivity analysis showed that the content of heavy metal elements in drinking water is the main factor affecting the health.
出处
《南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期886-892,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)
基金
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助
关键词
重金属
饮用水
健康风险
敏感度分析
heavy metal
drinking water
health risk
sensitivity analysis
