摘要
选取上海市体育运动学校男子羽毛球运动队的14名基本资料和运动成绩相近的运动员为实验对象,对照组与实验组各7名,对照组按照常规的技术训练和下肢整体力量训练,实验组对下肢关节肌肉有针对性的力量训练(非优势侧的力量训练)。通过biodex仪器对下肢膝、踝主要关节周围的肌肉力量进行监测分析羽毛球运动员各关节屈伸肌群峰力矩的均值。结论:1)有针对性的训练可改变两侧下肢的差异水平,训练可以减小两侧下肢差距,使两侧下肢肌肉工作能力更加接近。2)青少年羽毛球运动员在2种角速度下优势侧和非优势侧的伸肌峰力矩都比屈肌峰力矩大,但都随角速度的增快而逐渐下降,说明青少年运动员的力量耐力很小,经过非优势侧力量训练能提高青少年羽毛球运动员的力量耐力。3)运动员经过训练后优势与非优势侧关节的屈伸肌群肌力矩的平衡有很大的改善。4)训练前后两侧膝关节等速收缩屈伸肌群峰力矩差异对比分析:对非优势侧的力量加强可减缓下肢肌肉持续的受力过程。5)通过与实验数据发现,青少年羽毛球运动员的爆发力很难通过短期的训练得到显著的效果,但运动员的最大力量和灵敏性训练在青少年时期是可以提高的,但训练中的负荷和频率要控制。
Totally 14 male athletes from Shanghai Sports School＇s badminton team were selected and divided into control group（ n = 7） and experiment group（ n = 7）. Athletes of control group finished regular technique training and strength training of lower limbs,and the experiment group＇s did targeted strength straining for joint muscles of lower limbs（ non dominant side）. The strengths of main muscles around knee and ankle joints were measured and the peak torques of flexors and extensors were analyzed. Conclusions： 1） The targeted strength training can narrow the gap of muscles＇ work ability between two sides of lower limbs,and make the work ability be close. 2） The peak torque of extensors in badminton teenage players＇ two sides of lower limbs is higher than that of flexors at two angular speeds,and it decreases with the increase of angular speed,which indicated that the strength endurance of teenage athletes is small,and the targeted strength training for non dominant side of lower limbs can improve it.3） After training,the balance of torques of flexors and extensors between both sides of lower limbs is improved.4） The comparative analysis of flexors and extensors＇ peak torques in both sides of lower limbs before and after training showed that the improvement of strength of non dominant side of lower limbs can alleviate the muscle force of lower limbs. 5） The data showed that the explosive force of badminton teenage players is hard to be improved by short term training,the maximum strength and agility can be improved,but the intensity and frequency of training should be controlled.
出处
《北京体育大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第7期131-138,共8页
Journal of Beijing Sport University
基金
上海市体育局的课题(上海市青少年男女排球的体能监控)
第10届全国体育科学大会专题报告
关键词
羽毛球
青少年运动员
力量训练
非优势侧
屈伸肌群
badminton
teenage athletes
strength training
the non dominant side
flexors and extensors
