摘要
目的:工业的不断发展对航空发动机、泵、燃气轮机等旋转机械的动力性能提出了更高的要求。转子系统是旋转机械的重要组成部分。复杂的转子系统在高速运转时会产生故障和非线性振动,从而影响系统的可靠性。因此,开展转子系统的非线性动力性研究,研究转子系统在高速运转时的非线性响应及其抑制作用对转子系统的设计和故障诊断具有重要的意义。创新点:1.在建模的时候考虑转子系统的实际结构,在不对中模型中引入齿式联轴器啮合力,在滚动轴承模型中考虑弹流润滑影响;2.探究挤压油膜阻尼器参数对转子系统非线性特性抑制的影响,总结其变化规律。方法:1.基于Hertz接触和弹流润滑理论,建立滚动轴承动力学模型,同时考虑齿式联轴器齿之间的啮合力,建立不对中故障下的齿式联轴器啮合力模型,并在此基础上,根据转子系统的支撑形式,建立0-2-1支撑的转子动力学模型;2.开展转子动力学实验,验证模型的准确性并分析不对中量对系统频谱特性的影响;3.在分析不对中故障非线性特性的基础上,研究挤压油膜阻尼器参数对于非线性特性抑制的作用。结论:1.齿式联轴器啮合作用和滚动轴承的弹流润滑对不对中故障下转子系统的失稳产生一定的影响,润滑会导致系统发生分岔的窗口推迟;2.对于转子系统的弹性支撑,其一阶临界转速和振幅随着刚度的增大而增大,选择合适的刚度有利于转子系统的稳定运行;3.挤压油膜阻尼器的参数对转子系统故障引起的非线性具有较好的抑制作用,其作用的大小取决于不对中量和挤压油膜阻尼器的油膜间隙的耦合,合理地调节油膜间隙有助于增大系统的稳定区间范围。
In this paper, a dynamic model is established for a two-stage rotor system connected by a gear coupling and sup- ported on ball bearings with squeeze film dampers （SFDs）. The nonlinear dynamic behavior of the rotor system is studied under misalignment fault condition. The meshing force of the gear coupling is calculated considering the deformation of the tooth caused by torque transmission and dynamic vibration. The contact force between the ball and race is computed based on the Hertzian elastic contact deformation theory and the elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory. The supported force of SFD is simu- lated by integrating the pressure distribution derived from Reynolds＇s equation. The equations of motion are rewritten in non- dimensional differential form, and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is employed to solve the nonlinear dynamic equilibri- um equations iteratively. To verify the validity of the dynamic model and the correctness of the numerical solution method, the experimental power spectra of the rotor system under various misalignment degrees are compared with the analytical results. The effects of several important parameters, such as the lubrication of the ball bearing, the centralizing spring stiffness, the radi- al clearance of SFD, and the misalignment of gear coupling, on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system are investigated and discussed mainly focusing on the system stability. The response spectra, bifurcation diagrams, and Pointcar6 maps are ana- lyzed accordingly. These parametric analyses are very helpful in the development of a high-speed rotor system and provide a theoretical reference for the vibration control and optimal design of rotating machinery.
基金
Project supported by the Joint Funds of National Science Foundation of China
Civil Aviation Administration Foundation of China(No.U1233201)
the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20130032130005)
关键词
挤压油膜阻尼器
齿式联轴器
滚动轴承
弹流润滑
非线性动力学
不对中故障
Squeeze film damper （SFD）, Gear coupling, Ball bearing, Elastohydrodynamic lubrication, Nonlinear dynamics, Misalignment fault
