摘要
在传统的鱼油生产中,毛油经脱胶、脱酸、脱色、脱臭等工艺可以得到品质合格的精制鱼油,但传统鱼油生产对胆固醇、胆酸、反式脂肪酸等关乎人体健康的成分关注较少。本文通过模拟传统的鱼油生产工艺,在确保成品鱼油品质合格的同时,对鱼油中DHA、EPA、胆固醇、总胆酸、反式脂肪酸(C18:1tran,C18:2trans,C18:3trans)等进行了分析。结果表明,成品鱼油的酸值(AV)、过氧化值(POV)、碘值(IV)分别为0.53 mg KOH/g,4.35 mmol/kg和139.60 g/100 g,均达到了多烯鱼油行业一级标准(SC/T 3502-2000)。精炼工艺对DHA和EPA的影响不大,DHA和EPA的相对总含量为26%左右。成品油中胆固醇和总胆酸含量随着精炼的进行呈下降趋势,成品油中含量分别为2399 mg/kg和30 mg/kg,脱除率分别为57.4%和97.2%。反式脂肪酸含量随着精炼的进行呈上升趋势,成品油中总反式脂肪酸的相对含量为1.42%。以上结果表明,传统的鱼油精炼工艺尚存在一定的缺陷,需及时改善工艺,进一步提高鱼油的品质。
Fish oil that meets quality standards is obtained by degumming, deacidifying, bleaching, and deodorization processes in conventional fish oil production. Less attention has been paid to unhealthy ingredients such as cholesterol, cholic acid, and trans fatty acids. In this study, the traditional fish oil production process was simulated, and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）, docosahexaenoic acid（DHA）, cholesterol, total cholic acid, and trans-fatty acid（C18：1tran, C18：2trans, C18：3trans）content were studied, while the quality of fish oil product was ensured. The results showed that the acid value, peroxide value, and iodine value of refined fish oil was 0.53 mg KOH/g, 4.35 mmol/kg and 139.60 g/100 g, respectively, which reached the primary standard of the polyunsaturated fish oil industry（SC/T 3502-2000）. The total relative EPA and DHA content were not significantly changed during the refining process, remaining around 26%, indicating that refining has little effect on EPA and DHA content. Cholesterol and total cholic acid content exhibited a downward trend over the refining process; their final content in refined fish oil were 240 mg/100 g and 3 mg/100 g, respectively, and their removal rates were 57.4% and 97.2%, respectively. Trans fatty acid content increased during the refining process, and reached 1.42% in the final oil product. The above results indicate that the conventional refining process still has some limitations, and should be improved to further enhance the quality of fish oil.
出处
《现代食品科技》
EI
CAS
北大核心
2016年第6期194-199,共6页
Modern Food Science and Technology
关键词
鱼油
EPA
DHA
胆固醇
反式脂肪酸
fish oil
eicosapentaenoic acid
docosahexaenoic acid
cholesterol
trans fatty acids
