摘要
盐角草(Salicornia europaea)为藜科(Chenopodiaceae)盐角草属(Salieornia)植物。本研究以吐鲁番艾丁湖盐角草种子为对象,通过野外采集,室内试验的方法,对种子形态、散布方式、变温萌发特征进行研究。结果表明,盐角草存在3种类型的种子(简称A型、B型和C型);A型种子主要分布于穗状花序的中央花位上,有翅状附属物,直径为(2.496±0.264)mm,种子容易从母体上脱离,可随风传播到较远的距离,具有相对较宽范围的萌发温度,萌发率高(超过80%);B型种子分布于穗状花序的边花位上,有翅状附属物但较为短小,直径为(1.709±0.181)mm,种子较易从母体上脱离,脱落后散布于母体附近或可随风传播至较远的距离,萌发率和萌发速度略低于A型种子;C型种子随机分布于植株中下部穗状花序的边花位上,直径仅为(1.115±0.085)mm;C型种子不易脱落,只能散落在母体底部或是附近,萌发率低(低于10%),种子休眠率高。
Salicornia europaea belongs to Chenopodiaceae. The present research studied the seed morphol- ogy, distribution, germination characteristics and other aspects of S. europaea in the Turpan Aydin Lake. The results showed that there are three types of glasswort seeds （type A, type I3 and type C）. Type A seeds were mainly distributed in the central position of flowers spikes with the diameter of （2.496±0.264） mm and were easily to break away from the parent plants and spread to the far distance by wind. Type A seeds could germinate in a relatively wide temperature range with higher germination percentage （〉80%）. Type B seeds were mainly distributed in upper and middle spikes of flowers on a side with the diameter of （1.709±0.181） mm, and were easily to detach from the parent plants and spread near the parent plants or to the far distance by wind. Type B seeds germinated under variable temperature conditions with slightly lower percentages and germination rates than type A seeds. Type C seeds were mainly distributed in the lower part of the flower spikes beside a random cloth with the diameter of （1.115±0.085） mm and were not easily to fall off from the parent plants and only scattered the bottom or near parent plants which can form the seed bank in the soil. Type C seeds had lower germination percentage （〈10%） and higher dormancy rate.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期2064-2070,共7页
Pratacultural Science
基金
新疆艾丁湖极端环境条件下盐角草的耐盐机制研究(31260040)
关键词
盐角草
种子异型性
种子萌发
休眠
Salicornia europaea
seed polymorphism
seed germination
dormancy
