摘要
口宽是动物能够获取食物大小的限制性因素之一。2016年7月至10月在吐鲁番沙漠植物园对当地食果动物进行观察记录并采集新鲜刺山柑(Capparis spinosa)果实,测量果实的重量和长/短径,并和食果脊椎动物的口宽进行了比较分析。结果刺山柑果实的大小对大耳猬(Hemiechinus auritus)、子午沙鼠(Meriones meridianus)和吐鲁番沙虎(Teratoscincus roborowskii)的口宽来说不存在限制(果实大小匹配度指数<0),吐鲁番沙虎的口宽和刺山柑果实大小最为接近。刺山柑果实长径增长速率显著大于短径增长速率,由于上述三种没有口宽限制的物种中,大耳猬和子午沙鼠有切割和咀嚼食物的能力,这一异速增长现象可能是吐鲁番沙虎的口宽对刺山柑果实的形状产生了选择压力的结果。研究结果支持刺山柑果实大小和形状与采用吞食方式的食果脊椎动物口宽大小匹配的假说。
Gape width is one of the limiting factors of the food size which animals consume.Local frugivores were measured and caper fruit was collected from July to October in 2016 at the Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden in the Turpan Depression of Western China.The weight,length,and width of the caper fruit were measured and compared to the gape width of the main frugivorous vertebrates.The gape width of Hemiechinus auritus,Meriones meridianus,and Teratoscincus roborowskii(Size-matching Index,SMI<0)proved to be no constraint in their consumption of the caper fruit.The gape width of T.roborowskii was the closest to the mean sized caper fruit.The larger caper fruits became increasingly elliptical,with width increasing more slowly than length.This allometric phenomenon,in light of the fact that both the H.auritus and M.meridianus had the ability to cut and chew the caper fruit and were thus not limited by their gape width,which might be the result of the selection pressure of the gape width of T.roborowskii.The results support the hypothesis that the size and shape of the caper fruit is a match with the gape width of those frugivorous vertebrates which swallow the fruit whole.
作者
段振渊
时磊
DUAN Zhenyuan;SHI Lei(The College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830052,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2019年第2期45-50,共6页
Ecological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(31260511)
关键词
口宽
果实大小
异速生长
吐鲁番沙虎
大耳猬
Gape width
fruit size
frugivores
allometric growth
Teratoscincus roborowskii
Hemiechinus auritus
