摘要
为揭示盐碱地恢复过程中土壤节肢动物与土壤环境要素的相互关系,采用野外调查和实验室检测相结合的方法,对宁夏银北盐碱苜蓿地6种不同改良措施的盐碱地土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质、p H、全盐、碱化度值、土壤温度和土壤水分含量,以及土壤节肢动物群落结构等进行了比较研究。共获得节肢动物10 194头,计31个类群,3纲11目27科,优势类群为前气门亚目和棘跳科,其个体数分别占群落个体总数的75.52%和10.77%;甲螨亚目和等节跳科为常见类群,其个体数占群落个体总数的7.66%和4.29%。不同改良措施对土壤节肢动物类群丰富度没有显著影响,而明显影响土壤节肢动物聚集程度。在土层垂直分布上,呈现表聚性现象。不同改良措施对盐碱苜蓿地土壤节肢动物群落类群丰富度和密度垂直分布影响不显著。灰色关联分析表明,土壤p H、碱化度和全盐对土壤节肢动物的影响最大。多元回归分析表明,影响土壤节肢动物垂直分布的关键土壤因子有差异,在0~5 cm土层,土壤全盐和全氮影响土壤节肢动物类群丰富度,土壤全氮和速效钾影响土壤节肢动物群落的多样性指数。在5~10 cm土层,土壤全盐影响土壤节肢动物类群丰富度,土壤碱化度决定土壤节肢动物群落的多样性指数。
To reveal the relationships between soil arthropods an d soil e nvironmental factors in the process of saline-alkali land restoration, field survey combined with laboratory analysis was made to study the community structure of soil arthropods,and their relationships with the changes of soil total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus, organic matter, p H,total salt, exchangeable sodium percentage, soil temperature and moisture contents of saline-alkali soil in alfalfa fields under six improvement measures. A total of 10 194 individuals were collected, belonging to 3 classes,11 orders,27 families and 31 groups. Of these soil animals, Trombidiformes and Onychiuridae were the dominant groups,accounting for 75.52% and 10.77%of the total number of individuals, and Oribatida and Isotomidae were common groups, accounting for 7.66% and 4.29% of the total, respectively. It was shown that the difference in groups richness of soil arthropods community was no significant across different improvement measures, while the difference was significant in community density. The spatial distribution of soil animals in the sampling sites showed that the density and richness of soil animals were decreased with the increasing soil depth, but there were no significant difference from different sampling sites. Grey relevant analysis revealed that p H, exchangeable sodium percentage and total salt were the most effective variables. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the soil factors had different effect on the vertical distribution of soil animal communities. Soil total nitrogen and total salt contributed to the group richness of soil arthropods, and soil total nitrogen and available potassium were most important factors in determining Shannon-Wiener diversity in the 0~5 cm soil layer, while the group richness had significant linear correlations with soil salt, and exchangeable sodium percentage contributed to Shannon-Wiener diversity in the 5~10 cm soil layer.
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2016年第11期2785-2791,共7页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ13023)
关键词
盐碱地
土壤节肢动物群落
垂直分布
改良措施
saline-alkali soil
soil arthropods community
spatial distribution
improvement measures
