摘要
为了筛选玉米耐深播鉴定指标,探讨耐深播综合评价方法并挖掘耐深播种质类群,本研究采用PVC管盆栽试验,在3,15和20cm三种深播处理下,测定各自交系的出苗率、中胚轴长、胚芽鞘长、中胚轴与胚芽鞘之和、苗长、根长,利用隶属函数法综合评价51份玉米自交系的耐深播性,并用70对SSR标记对其遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明,随着播种深度的增加,各自交系的中胚轴长、胚芽鞘长、中胚轴与胚芽鞘之和大体呈增加趋势,而出苗率降低,苗长及根长先下降后增加。不同播深条件下,玉米自交系幼苗性状的方差分析表明,出苗率、中胚轴长、胚芽鞘长、中胚轴与胚芽鞘之和、苗长、根长与自交系间的差异极显著;同时5个性状（出苗率、中胚轴长、胚芽鞘长、中胚轴与胚芽鞘之和、苗长）与播深以及5个性状与自交系和播深间相互作用的差异极显著;同时根长与播深之间的差异达到显著水平,但是根长与自交系和播深间相互作用的差异不显著。另外,不同播深处理下各性状的相关分析表明,在3cm播深条件下的出苗率与中胚轴、中胚轴和胚芽鞘之和、苗长3个表型性状呈正相关;而在15和20cm播深下,出苗率与中胚轴长、胚芽鞘长、中胚轴与胚芽鞘之和、苗长、根长都极显著正相关。利用隶属函数法筛选出了6份强耐深播系,11份中等耐深播系。同时,利用70对SSR标记共检测出222个等位基因,平均3.17个,多态性信息量平均为0.579,幅度为0.265~0.801,遗传相似系数幅度为0.496~0.946,并将供试自交系划分成两大优势群或6个亚群,其中四平头亚群（SPT）、兰卡斯特亚群（Lan）和旅大红骨亚群（LRC）的耐深播性较强,出苗率、中胚轴长、胚芽鞘长、中胚轴与胚芽鞘之和、苗长、根长表现良好,含有较多的强或中等耐深播系,是重要的耐深播种质类群。
The aim of this study was to establish accurate indices to identify and evaluate the deep-sowing tolerance of a range of inbred lines from the maize germplasm.Maize seeds were planted at three depths（3,15,and20cm）and the following phenotypic traits were evaluated：emergence rate（RAT）,mesocotyl length（MES）,coleoptile length（COL）,mesocotyl and coleoptile total length（MES＋COL）,seedling length（SDL）,and root length（RL）.At the same time,simple sequence repeat（SSR）markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity among 51 maize inbred lines.The results showed that as the sowing depth increased from 3to 15or20 cm,the RAT gradually decreased,SDL and RL first increased and then decreased,and MES,COL,and MES＋COL increased.There were strong and significant differences in RAT,MES,COL,MES＋COL,SDL,and RL among the maize inbred lines.Five traits（RAT,COL,MES,MES＋COL,SDL）were significantly affected by sowing depth and by the interaction between genotype and sowing depth.Root length differed significantly depending on sowing depth,but it was not affected by the interaction between genotype and sowing depth.There were strong and significant positive correlations between RAT at 15-and 20-cm sowing depths and MES,COL,MES＋COL,SDL,and RL.Six highly deep-sowing tolerant inbred lines and 11 moderately deep-sowing tolerant inbred lines were identified by the membership function method based on their performance when sown at 15 and 20cm depths.Seventy SSR markers produced 222 alleles with an average of 3.17 alleles per marker.The polymorphism information content for each marker ranged from 0.265 to 0.801 with an average 0.579.The 51 maize inbred lines were divided into two major groups and six sub-groups in a genetic diversity analysis.Relatively high membership values for RAT,MES,COL,MES＋COL,SDL,and RL were obtained for the Sipingtou（SPT）,Lancaster（Lan）,and Luda Red Cob（LRC）lines,which were highly or moderately tolerant to deep sowing.These results showed that maize lines toler
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期73-86,共14页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然基金项目(31260330
31301333)
教育部博士点基金(20126202120001)资助
关键词
玉米
深播
SSR标记
遗传多样性
隶属函数法
maize
deep-sowing
SSR markers
molecular genetic diversity
membership function method
