摘要
在内蒙古典型草原上,以锡林郭勒胜利煤田西一号和西二号露天矿为研究对象,采用野外样带取样和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了露天煤矿区土壤重金属含量(Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Zn和Pb元素)的空间分布特征,并探讨土壤重金属来源,旨在为典型草原露天矿区土壤重金属防治和草原生态系统可持续发展提供科学理论依据。结果表明:研究区土壤重金属Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Zn和Pb的平均质量分数分别为27.53、16.17、353.49、14.78、44.65和3.44 mg·kg^(-1),低于国家土壤环境质量二级标准,仅Cu含量高于内蒙古背景值;矿区东北方向样带,所有采样点的土壤重金属含量高于内蒙古背景值;露天矿开采对周围土壤重金属空间分布有显著影响,土壤重金属元素含量在矿区中心处最高,并向四周逐渐降低;矿区周围0.5 km范围内土壤重金属含量均超过内蒙古自治区背景值。统计分析(相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析)结果显示,土壤重金属Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni和Zn来源可划归为一类,Pb单独为一类。
In this study, the Spatial distribution of Soil Heavy Metals of Opencut Coal Mining was analized in the two Shengli Coal Field in Xilingol typical steppe by the approach of combining field survey and lobarotory analyses. The sources of heavy metals in the mining area was discussed to provide evidence for preventing soil heavy metal pollution and for grassland ecosystem safety. The results indicated that the average concentrations of Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Pb in the soil of the study area was 27.53, 16.17, 353.49, 14.78, 44.65 and 3.44 mg·kg-1, respectively, being lower than the second class level of the National Soil Environment Safety Standard. But the average concentration of the Cu was higher than the background value of soil in the Inner Mongolia. The open-cut coal mining exerted a significant impact on the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the soil. The content of soil heavy metal elements was the highest in the center of the mining area, and gradually decreased to the surrounding areas, and was higher in the northeastern of the mining area. Within 0.5 km from the mining area, the content of soil heavy metals exceeded soil background values in the Inner Mongolia. The results of correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn in the mining area come from the same source, while Pb came from the other source.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期885-892,共8页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
内蒙古科技创新引导奖励资金计划"大型露天煤矿生态修复技术集成与示范"(20140701)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目"不同生态类型区域生态评估及风险预测技术研究"(2013年立项)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2015MS3084)
关键词
锡林郭勒
露天煤矿
典型草原
土壤重金属
分布特征
Xilingol
opencut coal mining
typical steppe
soil heavy metal
distribution characteristics
