摘要
根据1996—2013年中国大陆31个省份工业废气排放总量和经济增长的面板数据,在考虑工业废气排放和经济发展相互作用的基础上,运用联立方程探究贸易开放程度、产业结构、工业废气污染治理力度、技术进步程度等污染控制变量对工业废气排放总量的影响,以及物质资本存量、劳动力投入量等对经济发展的作用,分析各区域工业废气排放总量和经济增长所处环境库兹涅茨曲线不同阶段的原因。结果表明:(1)全国以及东、中、西部不同区域的工业废气排放总量和经济增长的环境库兹涅茨曲线都呈"倒N"型;且东部已进入经济增长抑制工业废气排放时期,而中部、西部和全国尚处于工业废气排放总量随经济增长而增加的阶段。(2)联立方程表明,产业结构、贸易开放程度、技术进步程度等方面的差异是促使各区域所处阶段差异的主要原因。(3)联立方程中部分要素对各区域的影响机制类似,且污染方程中环境污染治理投资对工业废气减排的效果甚微。产出方程估计结果表明,各区域污染排放与人均GDP均呈弱正相关关系,说明大部分区域经济发展以环境为代价;且物质资本存量和人力资本存量对各区域经济增长的推动作用相对稳定。
Abstract： In this paper, the panel data of industrial waste gas emission and economic growth of China＇s 31 provinces from 1996 to 2013 and simultaneous equations were utilized to analyze the impact of pollution variables as trade openness degree, industrial structure, industrial gas pollution control investment and technological progress de- gree on industrial waste gas emission and that of economic variables as physical capital stock,labor input on economic development, on the basis of taking the mutual influence of gas emission and economic growth into consideration. The reason of the stage of the Environmental Kuznets Curve of regional economic growth and industrial emissions were al- so analyzed. The results showed that： （1） The Environmental Kuznets Curve of industrial waste gas emissions and economic growth of the eastern, central and western areas as well as the the whole country all represented an inverted N shape. The eastern area had entered a period during which economic growth helped to inhibit industrial waste gas emission, while the central, western areas and the whole country were still in a stage where economic growth relied on industrial waste gas emission. （2） The simultaneous equations showed that the differences in industrial structure, trade openness degree and technological progress degree were the main reasons for the different stages in the Environ- mental Kuznets Curve of the eastern,central and western areas. （3） Some elements of the simultaneous equations had a similar impact on all the areas, and the pollution equation showed that the environmental pollution control invest- ment had little effect on the emission reduction of the industrial waste gas. The output equation estimation results showed there was a weak positive correlation between pollution emissions and per capita GDP,indicating that econom- ic development was at the cost of environmental pollution. Besides, the roles of physical capital stock and labor input were relatively stable.
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期75-80,共6页
Environmental Pollution & Control
