摘要
目的评价孕期营养健康教育的不同实施方式对妊娠期母婴健康及妊娠结局的影响,探讨适宜的健康教育方式。方法调查北京市500名2013年2月至2015年2月进行产前检查并分娩的孕产妇,以是否接受孕期个体化营养指导,将其分为个体化营养指导组(250例)和对照组(250例),分别比较两组孕妇孕期体重增长情况、分娩方式、妊娠合并症及妊娠结局等相关因素。结果个性化营养指导组孕妇孕期体重增长正常者所占比例高于对照组,两组孕期体重增长比较有显著性差异(χ2=8.46,P<0.05),两组孕妇分娩方式比较有显著性差异(χ2=6.72,P<0.05)。个性化营养指导组孕妇妊娠高血压发生率、巨大儿发生率、低出生体重儿率均显著低于对照组(χ2值分别为23.54、5.98、6.57,均P<0.05),两组妊娠糖尿病发病率无显著性差异(χ2=2.42,P>0.05)。结论孕期进行个体化营养指导有利于控制孕期体重合理增长、降低剖宫产率,对减少孕期合并症的发生有积极作用。
Objective To explore appropriate way of health education mode by evaluating the efficacy of different methods of health education during pregnancy on maternal and infant health as well as pregnancy outcomes. Methods A survey was conducted from February 2013 to February 2015 among 500 pregnant women who taking prenatal examination and giving birth in Beijing. They were grouped into guidance group accepting individualized nutritional guidance during pregnancy （n = 250） and control group not accepting it （n = 250）. The comparative indicators were weight gain during pregnancy, delivery mode, pregnancy complications and pregnancy outcomes. Results The proportion of cases with normal weight gain during pregnancy in the guidance group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference between two groups was significant （X2 = 8.46, P 〈 0.05 ）. Significant difference was observed in delivery mode （X2 = 6. 72, P 〈 0.05 ）. But the incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension, fetal macrosomia and low birth weight in the guidance group was significantly lower than that in the control group （X2 value was 23.54, 5.98 and 6.57, respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. No remarkable difference was found between two groups in incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus （X2 = 2. 42, P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The individualized nutritional guidance during pregnancy is helpful to control weight gain during pregnancy and to reduce the rate of cesarean delivery. It has positive effect on reducing the occurrence of pregnancy complications. [ Key words] pregnancy ; nutrition guidance ; pregnancy outcomes ; weight gain
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2016年第5期600-602,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
基金
国家卫计委国际交流与合作中心全国围产营养二期资助项目[卫妇社妇卫便函(2012)18号]
关键词
孕期
营养指导
妊娠结局
体重增长
pregnancy
nutrition guidance
pregnancy outcomes
weight gain
