摘要
目的调查嘉兴市新居民儿童心理发育行为问题及影响因素,为改善新居民儿童心理健康提供理论依据。方法随机抽取新居民儿童548例,本地儿童1 248例,采用自编量表评估儿童家庭影响因素,长处与困难问卷评估儿童心理发育行为问题,心理痛苦温度计评估主观心理痛苦程度,儿童心理虐待与忽视量表评估家庭教养方式,社会支持量表评估社会支持程度。结果新居民儿童主观评定心理痛苦程度高于本地儿童(P=0.002)。新居民儿童亲社会化行为低于本地儿童(P=0.000),多动/注意缺陷问题高于本地儿童(P=0.011)。儿童忽视虐待量表本地儿童5个因子得分低于新居民儿童:责骂因子(P=0.000)、恐吓因子(P=0.000)、情感忽视因子(P=0.000)、教育忽视因子(P=0.000)、身体忽视因子(P=0.000)。社会支持量表本地儿童3个因子得分均高于新居民儿童:客观支持(P=0.032)、主观支持(P=0.000)、对支持的利用度(P=0.000)。新居民儿童在新居民儿童学校、混合学校、本地儿童学校的3类学校中亲社会化行为、忽视因子、虐待因子、社会支持均有统计学差异(均P<0.05)。结论新居民儿童较本地儿童心理发育行为明显落后,良好的家庭教养方式和有效的社会支持系统能够更快更好地促进其身心发育。
Objective To assess the developmental behavioral problems and related factors among migrant children in Jiaxing city.Methods Total 548 migrant children and 1248 native children who live in Jiaxing city were enrolled in the study.Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was applied to assess the developmental behavioral problems,Distress Thermometer to assess painful degree,Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale to assess family education,Social Support Rating Scale to assess social support for all child participants.Results Migrant children had higher subjective painful degree （P=0.002）,lower prosocial behavior （P=0.000）,and higher hyperactive/attention deficit rate （P=0.011） than native children.The scores of 5 sub-scales of Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale in migrant children were lower than those in native children,including blame sub-scale （P=0.000）,intimidate sub-scale （P=0.000）,emotion neglected sub-scale （t=-6.806,P=0.000）,education neglected sub-scale（P=0.000） and body health neglected sub-scale （P=0.000）.The scores in 3 sub-scales of Social Support Rating Scale in migrant children were lower：Objective social supportive sub-scale （P=0.032）,Subjective supportive sub-scale （P=0.000）,utilization of support （P=0.000）.There were also significant differences in behavioral assessments in three type schools （for migrant children only,mainly for native children,for both） between two groups of children （P＜0.05）.Conclusion Migrant children have more psychological and developmental problems,which are mainly related to family education methods and social supports.
出处
《浙江医学》
CAS
2016年第10期711-714,共4页
Zhejiang Medical Journal
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(14YJCZH127)
关键词
新居民儿童
发育行为问题
影响因素
Migrant children
Developmental behavior problems
Influence factor
