摘要
针对应急车辆在交叉路口滞留时间长、发生碰撞的可能性高的问题,提出了一种基于有源射频识别(RFID)的应急车辆交通引导系统。采用基于ATmega16的车载主控制器和基于STM32交通灯控制器构成应急信息采集系统,服务器应用程序采用Visual Basic程序设计语言进行开发,最短路径规划采用传统Dijkstra算法。基于STM32F103交通灯主控器利用RFID技术检测即将来到的应急车辆的车载主控制器所控制的NRF24L01收发器发送的信号,融合摄像头拍摄的图像经过Wi Fi上传至上位机,上位机载入一个区域模型后,采用先进先出(FIFO)原理逐次利用Dijkstra算法处理后得出到达目的地的应急车辆最佳行车路径并经信号回传设置沿路的绿信比。实验结果表明,车辆距交通灯主控器110 m内丢包率小于10%,NRF24L01接收灵敏度为-94 d Bm,实测140 m内均能有效通信,服务器端能够在4.5 s内完成应急交通引导系统所有指令操作。本系统提高了应急车辆的通行效率,减少了应急车辆从途中至事故现场的出动时间,降低突发事件造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失,实现了城市智能应急车辆交通引导。
In order to control the emergency vehicle to pass the intersection quickly and reduce the possibility of collision,an emergency vehicle traffic guidance system based on RFID was proposed.The emergency information collection system consists of the vehicle master controller based on ATmega16 and the traffic light controller based on STM32,and the application has been developed by using Visual Basic programming language.After the traffic light controller based on STM32F103 detected the signals sending from NRF24L01 transceiver under the control of the vehicle master controller of coming vehicle by using RFID technology,and transmitting the fusion image via Wi Fi,the best travel path could be calculated by PC using the FIFO（ First In First Out） method based on Dijkstra algorithm and green ratio of the traffic route could be controlled by the STM32 controller to get to destination effectively.The experimental results show that the system implements efficient communication within 140 m in the condition of the sensitivity of NRF24L01 receiver is-94 d Bm.The packet loss rate is less than 10% when the interval between vehicle and traffic light control is within 110 m,and the system can perform all the instructions of guiding the emergency vehicle within 4.5 s.This system improves the passing efficiency of emergency vehicle and achieves the emergency vehicle traffic guidance,thus reduces the time for the emergency vehicle to reach the destination significantly.
出处
《计算机应用》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第A01期273-277,共5页
journal of Computer Applications
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208109
2015A020224036)
广州市科技计划项目(2014Y2-00203)
广东省2014大学生创新创业训练项目(201410564034)
