摘要
目的了解深圳市桃源居社区人群脑卒中的危险因素、暴露水平及其分布特征。方法采取整群抽样横断面调查方法,对该社区40-80岁3 954名居民进行脑卒中风险评估量表的问卷调查和实验室、颈动脉超声及体格检查。结果高血压病、心脏病、吸烟、高血脂、糖尿病、很少进行体育活动、肥胖、脑卒中家族史等危险因素的暴露率分别为19.9%、3.4%、12.0%、42.9%、6.7%、19.1%、20.2%、11.6%;除心脏病外,男性危险因素暴露率高于女性（P〈0.01或0.05）。高血压病、心脏病、高血脂、糖尿病、体育活动少、肥胖等高危因素的暴露率随年龄增长而上升（P〈0.01或0.05）;高血压病、心脏病、吸烟、脑卒中家族史等危险因素在不同教育水平上的分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01或0.05）。在高危人群中,与男性相比,女性高血压、心脏病暴露率高,吸烟少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01或0.05）。结论该社区脑卒中危险因素主要为高血脂、肥胖和高血压病,危险因素暴露水平与性别、年龄、教育水平有关,为有效干预提供依据。
Objective To explore the risk factors of cerebral apoplexy and its exposure levels and distribution features in the population of Taoyuanju community, Baoan District, Shenzhen. Methods Cluster sampling as well as cross-section survey methods were conducted in this research. Questionnaire survey of risk factors assessment scale for stroke, laboratory inspection, carotid sonography and physical examination were conducted for 3 954 residents with the age ranging from 40 to 80 years old in this community. Results The exposure rate to hypertension, heart disease, smoking, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, physically inactivity, overweight or obesity, family history of stroke and other risks was 19.9%, 3.4%, 12.0%, 42.9%, 6.7%, 19.1%, 20.2%, and 11.6%, respectively. The exposure rate to risk factors except for heart disease in male was higher than that in female（P 0.01 or 0.05）. The exposure rate to high risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes and overweight or obesity tended to increase with the age（P〈0.01 or 0.05）; The difference in the distribution of hypertension, heart disease, smoking and family history of stroke in different education backgrounds was statistically significant（P〈0.01 or 0.05）. Among high risk population, compared with the males, the females had a higher exposure rate to hypertension and heart disease, but a lower exposure rate to smoking, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.01 or 0.05）. Conclusion The first three risk factors among high risk people with stroke were hyperlipidemia, overweight or obesity, hypertension. The exposure rate to risk factors was relevant to age, gender and education background. The study provides evidence for effective prevention.
出处
《广东医学院学报》
2015年第5期615-618,共4页
Journal of Guangdong Medical College
基金
深圳市科技创新委资助项目(No.JCYJ20130401112649011)
深圳市卫计委项目(No.201302094)
深圳市战略性新兴产业发展专项资金2012年第五批扶持计划[No.深发改(2012)1583号]
关键词
脑卒中
筛查
危险因素
调查研究
cerebral apoplexy
screen
risk factors
investigation
