摘要
文章通过对南部吴语上丽片、瓯江片及金衢片19个方言点齐韵开口字的比较发现,上丽片、瓯江片及金衢片均有两个读音层次的对应:层次Ⅰ和层次Ⅱ。其中层次Ⅰ的特点是读如咍、灰韵,是该区域的共同保留,上丽片收字最多,瓯江片及金衢片收字较少。层次Ⅱ在上丽片和瓯江片方言中有较多的读音变体,前者主要表现在高元音i后裂化为ie而形成的读音对立,后者主要体现在高元音i在不同声母组下的读音变体,其中一个变体为i前裂化ei,而金衢片则多不变,仍读i,显示出音变的区域创新性。这两个读音层次与南部吴语支韵的其中两个层次表现相同。同时,文章认为以《切韵》的音类分合关系来判断读音层次的时间顺序可能会出错,因为这是建立在各方言都应与《切韵》的音类分合关系相同的错误假设之上的。最后,文章还讨论了至少有两类当前学界认为的文白异读应看成是同一层次的观点。
This paper holds that there are two corresponding sound strata of the Qi Rhyme （ 齐韵） in southern variants of the Wu dialect based on a comparison among 19 southern variants of this dialect. Stratum I is that of Hal （咍） and Hui （灰） rhymes, a shared retention in this area. More words have been collected in the Shangli variant （上丽片） than the Oujiang variant （瓯江片） and the Jinqu variant （金衢片） in this stratum. Stratum II is the＂i＂sound which can take different forms in different dialectal variants depending on the preceding initials. For example, the sound in question in the Shangli variant shifts to the post-cracking form＂ie＂and that of the Oujiang variant shifts to the pre-cracking form＂el＂. However, no such shifts are found in the Jinqu variant, which reveals a re- gional innovation in each case. The two strata in the Qi rhyme are in correspondence with the Zhi Rhyme （支韵）. Secondly, the paper also notes that one is likely to make a mistake to determine the time sequence in sound strata based on Qieyun （切韵） because the judgment is often based on the faulty assumption that all the dialects were developed from Qieyun. Finally, we argue that at least two kinds of the literary and colloquial reading should be regarded as in the same strata.
出处
《语言科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第1期59-73,共15页
Linguistic Sciences
关键词
南部吴语
齐韵
读音层次
共同保留
southern variants of Wu Dialect
Qi Rhyme （齐韵）
sound strata
shared retention
