摘要
[目的]本文旨在探讨不同糖水平对1龄团头鲂生长性能、体组成及血液生化指标的影响。[方法]配制6组等氮等脂的日粮,其糖水平分别为20%、25%、30%、35%、40%和45%(质量分数)。试验鱼饲养于室内循环养殖系统中(玻璃纤维水族缸:3.0 m×1.0 m×0.8 m),日投喂3次,试验期为8周。[结果]糖水平对摄食率和存活率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。增质量率、特定生长率、蛋白效率比和氮保留率均显著受糖水平影响(P<0.05),其随着糖水平的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势,在35%水平时达到最高。饲料系数同样显著受糖水平影响(P<0.05),并在35%水平时为最低。随着糖水平升高,脏体比、肝体比、腹脂率和能量保留率均显著升高(P<0.05)。糖水平对全鱼和胴体的蛋白、灰分含量以及肌糖原含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。全鱼水分含量随糖水平升高而显著降低(P<0.05),而脂肪和能量含量显著升高(P<0.05)。胴体水分和脂肪含量以及肝脏脂肪含量的变化趋势与全鱼一致。胰岛素水平受糖水平影响较小(P>0.05),而肝糖原含量和血糖水平却显著受糖水平影响(P<0.05),并在40%水平时达最高。皮质醇含量随糖水平升高显著升高(P<0.05),溶菌酶活性和免疫球蛋白含量随糖水平的升高显著降低(P<0.05)。[结论]在本试验条件下,1龄团头鲂最适糖水平为31.94%。
[Objectives]This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance,body composition and plasma biochemical parameters of blunt snout bream yearling. [Methods]Six isonitrogenousand isolipidic diets were formulated to contain different carbohydrate levels（ 20%,25%,30%,35%,40% and 45%）. Fish were held in several indoor aquarium tanks（ 3.0 m×1.0 m×0.8 m） and fed 3 times daily for 8 weeks. [Results]The results showed that no significant differences（ P〈0.05） were observed in relative feed intake and survival rate among all the treatments. Weight gain（ WG）,specific growth rate（ SGR）,protein efficiency ratio and nitrogen retention efficiency were all significantly（ P〈0.05） affected by dietary carbohydrate levels with the highest observed in fish fed 35% carbohydrate. Unlike the case of WG and SGR,the lowest feed conversion ratio was found in fish fed 35% carbohydrate.Viscerosomatic index,hepatosomatic index,intraperitoneal fat ratio and energy retention efficiency all increased significantly（ P〈0.05）with in creasing dietary carbohydrate levels. No significant difference（ P〉0.05） was found in whole-body and carcass protein and ash contents as well as in muscle glycogen content among all the treatments. Whole-body moisture,lipid and energy contents were all significantly（ P〈0.05） affected by dietary carbohydrate levels. Contrary to moisture content,whole-body lipid and energy contents all increased significantly（ P〈0.05） with increasing carbohydrate levels. Similar results were also observed in carcass moisture and lipid contents as well as in liver lipid content. Liver glycogen contents and plasma glucose levels were all significantly（ P〈0.05） affected by dietary carbohydrate levels with the highest found in fish fed 40% carbohydrate,whereas little difference（ P〉 0. 05） was observed in plasma insulin concentrations. Contrary to plasma cortisol levels,both plasma lysozyme activities and immunoglobulin concentrationsdecr
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期281-288,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46-20
CARS-46-34)
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003020)
安徽省农业科学院院长青年创新基金(14B0532)
科技创新团队(13C0506)
关键词
团头鲂
糖
生长性能
体组成
血液生化指标
Megalobrama amblycephala
carbohydrate
growth performance
body composition
plasma biochemical parameters
