摘要
立场之争贯穿于第三人撤销之诉相关讨论的三个阶段。肯定适用论和否定适用论的立场会对《民事诉讼法》第56条第3款产生截然相反的解读。为了解决理论与立法、司法的割裂局面,应当在第三人撤销之诉的法律解释中摒弃个人偏好之争,使其真正回归法的立场。《民诉法解释》的颁布实施也为第三人撤销之诉的体系思考提供了契机。通过以程序条件和结果条件为中心并结合《物权法》第28条,第三人撤销之诉针对的民事生效裁判可分为实体权益侵害型和程序权利侵害型,前者仅包括合同被撤销后前诉当事人回复所有权和前诉当事人协议不成时请求法院分割共有财产的生效形成判决;后者包含不可另诉和本可另诉两个子类。以尊重《民事诉讼法》第227条的明确法律文义为基础,在与第三人撤销之诉重合的适用范围内原则上应优先适用再审制度。
One of the most significant problems in the discussion about suits of Challenging the Judgements by a third party in Chinese civil procedure is the influence of the approachic preference on the understanding about article 56 paragraph 3 of Chinese Civil Procedure Law. Different preferences even lead to diametrically opposed solutions. To solve this problem, the understanding about the suits of challenging the judgements by a third party must go beyond the approachic preference. In concordance with article 28 of Chinese Property Law, the effective judgment, ruling or consent judgment is entirely or partially erroneous and causes damage to the third party＇s civil rights and interests, can be defined as two basic cat- egories, namely damage to the substantive right and damage to the procedural right. The first category can be further divided into two situations. According to article 227 of Chinese Civil Procedure Law, the retrial has the priority in compare with suits of challenging the judgements by a third party.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第1期139-164,共26页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
清华大学郑裕彤法学发展基金资助
教育部留学归国人员科研启动基金项目<民事诉讼目的与民事诉讼结构调整>(项目编号20141020048)的阶段性成果
关键词
第三人撤销之诉
体系解释
形成判决
物权变动
再审
the Suits of Challenging the Judgements by a Third Party
Systematic Interpretation
Ge staltungsurteil
Transformation of Property Rights
Retrial
