摘要
目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)及共患学习困难(LD)儿童大脑灰质、白质和全脑体积的特点。方法:本研究共纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)之相应诊断标准的36例ADHD儿童,以及性别、年龄均匹配的36名正常对照。ADHD儿童中有18例共患LD(ADHD+LD组)、18例不共患LD(ADHD-LD组)。以中国儿童-韦氏智力测定量表(C-WISC)、利手问卷评定被试的智商和利手状况。以磁共振成像检查收集被试的大脑影像。采用基于体素的形态学测量(voxelbased morphometry,VBM)方法研究ADHD组与对照组脑结构的差异,同时分析共病LD患者大脑体积的特点。结果:与正常对照相比,ADHD儿童大脑灰质[(746.9±68.3)mm3vs.(790.5±72.2)mm3]和全脑[(1212.4±115.2)mm3vs.(1270.6±113.1)mm3]体积减小(P<0.05),白质体积组间差异无统计学意义。与对照组相比,ADHD+LD组灰质[(731.1±69.5)mm3vs.(790.5±72.2)mm3]、白质[(435.2±51.1)mm3vs.(480.1±50.5)mm3]和全脑[(1166.3±112.3)mm3vs.(1270.6±113.1)mm3]体积减小(P<0.05);与ADHD-LD相比,ADHD+LD组白质[(435.2±51.1)mm3vs.(495.7±55.7)mm3]和全脑[(1166.3±112.3)mm3vs.(1258.3±100.9)mm3]体积减小(P<0.05);ADHD-LD和对照组大脑体积组间差异无统计学意义。结论:ADHD儿童存在灰质体积和全脑体积减小,共患LD会使ADHD儿童大脑体积更小,提示大脑体积异常可能参与LD和/或ADHD的发病机制以及ADHD共病LD的病理机制。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of gray matter volume( GMV),white matter volume( WM V) and total brain volume( TBV) in children w ith attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder( ADHD) and ones w ith learning disability( LD). Methods: Totally 36 ADHD children and 36 age-gender-matched normal children,w ere enrolled in the study. The diagnoses w ere made according to Diagnostic and statistical M anual of M ental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision( DSM-IV) criteria. There w ere 18 ADHD children w ith LD in all. The Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children( C-WISC) and Hand Prefrence Questionnaire w ere used to access intelligence quotient and handedness. The magnetic resonance imaging( M RI) w as used to collected brain images. The voxel-based morphometry( VBM) softw are and the analysis of variance( ANOVA) w ere used to measure and analyze the differences of brain volume betw een ADHD,comorbid w ith LD and normal children. Results: The results revealed some pronounced differences of brain volume betw een ADHD subjects and normal controls. Compared w ith controls,children w ith ADHD had smaller GM V [( 746. 9 ± 68. 3) mm^3vs.( 790. 5 ± 72. 2) mm3] and low er TBV [( 1212. 4 ± 115. 2) mm^3vs.( 1270. 6 ± 113. 1) mm3]( P〈0. 05),but not for WM V. ADHD + LD group had smaller GM V [( 731. 1 ± 69. 5) mm^3vs.( 790. 5 ± 72. 2) mm3],WM V [( 435. 2 ± 51. 1) mm^3vs.( 480. 1 ± 50. 5)mm3] and TBV [( 1166. 3 ± 112. 3) mm^3vs.( 1270. 6 ± 113. 1) mm3]( P〈0. 05) than controls. ADHD + LD group had smaller WM V [( 435. 2 ± 51. 1) mm^3 vs.( 495. 7 ± 55. 7) mm3] and TBV [( 1166. 3 ± 112. 3) mm^3vs.( 1258. 3 ± 100. 9) mm3]( P〈0. 05) than ADHD-LD group. Conclusion: Children w ith ADHD demonstrate significant reduction of brain volumes in GM V and TBV; ADHD w ith LD show smaller brain volumes. These results indicate that the brain volume abnormalities may be involved in the path
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期179-184,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB846104)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAI13B01)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81571340)
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍
大脑体积
学习困难
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
brain volume
learning disability