摘要
针对管道超压报警数量多、危害大的情况,提出一种全新的报警分析方法——报警树模型。该模型既可以离线应用,如合理化审查,也可以在线应用,如响应报警泛滥。通过分析信号流和工艺流的故障传播路径寻找各报警间的逻辑关系,以完成报警树模型的初期编制;运用风险矩阵定位重大危险源,结合报警优先级确定关键报警;通过计算工艺流程上的信号延迟,即管道超压过程中的水击波传播时间,为抑制时间提供合理依据。最后,运用报警树模型分析液体管道超压过程,并提供完整的报警抑制方案以减少报警数量。
The present paper intends to introduce a new method for alarming suppression known as the Alarm Tree Model（ATM）, which is oriented to be applied both off-line and on-line for Manning the ra- tionalization review and for giving necessary timely response alarming signal to the floods. For the aforementioned purpose, it is necessary to introduce how an alarm tree is built and what is its main construc- tion and its working principle. To make our introduction brief and clean-clear to the point, first of all, it is necessary to describe the scope of the system, including the time window and process bound- ary. Secondly, it is of great need to explain dearly the first-out alarm and the logic relation between the alarm system and the working prin- ciple it relies on. To make the design and preparation of the said alarming system successful, we have invited all the related experts and specialists, such as the system designers, the Mann-system users＇ managers, controllers and operators to join us in the discus- sion, followed by the qualitative and quantitative analysis concerned. Our qualitative analysis is oriented to distinguish the key alarms from the alarm flood. At this step, an improved Risk Matrix has been brought about, in which the likely accidents can be divided into six levels, with the possible consequences being divided into four levels. In doing so, we have put the alarms of the highest grade before any other kinds of alarms. So far as the quantitative analysis is con- cemed, we have made an exploration of the delay time among the alarms by estimating the processing time, though the problem involves large amounts of different computing methods for the information pro- cessing technologies in different engineering fields. The paper has al- so made a discussion of the over-pressure of the liquid pipeline. In accordance with the wave-traveling theory, we have calculated the water hammer pressure, the water hammer velocity, and the time that the water hammer arrives at the upstream station. The pipeline c
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期158-162,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2013EEM030)
中国石油大学(华东)拔尖人才工程项目(SD2013211153)
关键词
安全工程
报警树模型
管道超压
报警泛滥
报警抑制
safety engineering
alarm tree model
pipeline over-pressure
alarm flood
alarm suppression
