摘要
为发现新抗生素,在从海洋、盐湖、荒漠等盐碱环境勘探药用放线菌的过程中,不断分离到拟诺卡菌属新物种和该属中有生物活性的菌株,从中发现的次级代谢产物数量和种类也随之增多。截至2015年底,该菌属已有41个典型种和1个亚种,次级代谢产物超过100个,结构可分为9大类,26亚类,分别为由α-吡喃酮和γ-吡喃酮组成的吡喃酮类、二酮哌嗪和多肽组成的肽类、δ-内酯环和大环内酯组成的环内酯类、吡喃萘醌类、由二联吡啶、哌啶、四氢嘧啶、吩嗪、吩噁嗪、吲哚内酯、吲哚咔唑、吲哚核苷、喹啉、喹唑啉、噁唑啉、β-咔啉、苯骈恶唑和氨基咪唑等亚类组成的杂环类、含氯芳香类、三联苯类、由香豆素和异香豆素组成的香豆素类和骈四苯二醌类化合物。它们的生物活性涵盖抗肿瘤、抗菌、神经元细胞保护、细菌群体感应抑制、酶抑制等多个方面。本文调研了几乎所有拟诺卡菌属相关文献,首次对该菌属菌株产生的次级代谢产物及其新化合物进行了全面的综述。
With the paradigm shift from the common environments to special environments in the field of new antibiotic discovery, many secondary metabolites and their producing strains affiliated to genus Nocardiops＆ were found from marine, salt lake, desert, etc. Totally, 41 species and 1 sub-species within the genus of Nocardiopsis together with more than 100 different compounds divided into 9 types including 26 sub-types were identified till the end of 2015. They are pyrone group compounds including α-pyrones and γ-pyrones; peptide group compounds including diketopiperazines and polypeptides; lactone group compounds including macrolides and δ-1actones; pyranonaphthoquinone group compounds; heterocyclic compounds including bipyridine, piperidines, tetrahydropyrimidines, phenazines, phenoxazines, indolactams, indolecarbazoles, indole nucleosides, quinolines, quinazolines, oxazolines, β-carbolines, benzoxazoles; chloroaromatic compounds; p-terphenyl group compounds; coumarin group compounds including coumarin and isocoumarin; and tetracenedione group compounds. These compounds showed many different bioactivities including anti-tumor, anti-bacteria, anti-fungi, neuronal cell protection and were served as inhibitor of bacterial quorum sensing or inhibitor of enzyme involved in important diseases. Even though many progresses were achieved in the discovery of the secondary metabolites produced by Nocardiopsis strains, data were scattered in various papers. This review, for the first time, was trying to figure out the secondary metabolites produced by strains of Nocardiopsis and summarized the classification of those secondary metabolites and their bioactivities.
出处
《中国抗生素杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期81-97,共17页
Chinese Journal of Antibiotics
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.81172963和No.81373308)
十二五"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(No.2012ZX09301-002-001-018)
关键词
拟诺卡菌属
次级代谢产物
特境
生物活性
结构类型
Nocardiopsis
Secondary metabolites
Special environments
Bioactivities
Classification of chemical structures
