摘要
周幽王乱政,以杀太子宜臼来实现废嫡立庶,计划不成,却立褒姒之子伯盘为太子。宜臼奔西申,申侯立其为王。幽王、伯盘死于戎人之乱,虢公翰立余臣于携,是为携王,周二王并立。二王并立时期,整个社会处于混乱状态,戎人祸乱继续并势大难平,携王统治无力,四方诸侯兴起。二十一年,晋文侯杀携王。三十年,晋文侯立平王为周王。虢公翰立携王是周幽王之乱的继续,晋文侯立平王是拨乱反正恢复旧秩序。关于二王并立,古本《竹书纪年》的记载是实时记录,基本上反映了事件真相;《左传》中周人的评价与清华简《系年》的记载隐晦曲折,是周平王即位后真实的周史。三者互补,既有事件真相的实时记录,又有真实的历史撰述与修撰者的思想,使人们对有关历史有了全方面、多角度的了解和认识。
The Zhou King You was an evil ruler.He failed to realize his plan to kill the Queen's son,Prince Yijiu,in order to make Bo Pan,son of his concubine Bao Si,his successor,but did make Bo Pan Crown Prince.Yijiu escaped to West Shen where he was enthroned by the Marquess of Shen.After the death of King You and Bo Pan in a campaign against the Rong(戒),Duke Han of Guo enthroned Yu Chen as King Xie,whence the concurrent existence of two Zhou kings.The whole of society was in chaos during this period;the Rong kept up a stubborn resistance,and the rulers of vassal states rebelled against King Xie's weak rule.In the 21^(th) year of Xie's reign,he was killed by Marquis Wen of Jin,who made King Ping the Zhou ruler.If Duke Han' s crowning of King Xie followed from the maladministration of King You of Zhou,then Duke Wen' s crowning of King Ping represented the suppression of rebellion and the restoration of the old order.The old text Bamboo Annals(竹书纪年),which recorded events at the time,on the whole reflects the true story of the two concurrent kings,whereas the assessment by Zhou writers in the Zuo Zhuan(左传) and the records in the Xi Nian(系年) in the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips,though veiled and obscure,represent authentic Zhou Dynasty history following King Ping's assumption of the throne.The three complementary historical sources provide a record of history as it happened as well as authentic historical compilations and the thoughts of their writers,enabling us to gain a comprehensive and multi-dimensional understanding of this historical period.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第6期4-21,189,共18页
Historical Research
基金
国家社科基金后期资助项目"<竹书纪年>流传考"(09FZS002)
教育部人文社科规划基金项目"古本<竹书纪年>辑注"(09YJA770030)研究成果
