摘要
[目的]研究铁皮石斛授粉结实特性,为铁皮石斛生产和育种提供技术基础。[方法]在大棚设施栽培和附树仿生栽培条件下开展杂交、自交和昆虫辅助授粉,以4℃离体冷藏花序之花粉及75%酒精或清水作粘附助剂开展授粉试验测定花粉活力。[结果]铁皮石斛人工授粉杂交结实率达90.51%,自交结实率5.55%,野外昆虫辅助授粉结实率1.82%;4℃离体冷藏花序,9 d内平均授粉结实率94.22%,花粉活力随冷藏时间无明显变化;75%酒精或清水作粘附助剂不影响授粉效果,平均结实率91.29%。[结论]铁皮石斛以异花授粉为主,部分自交亲和,自交结实率和自然结实率均较低,人工杂交授粉是铁皮石斛种质资源繁育保护的有效途径。
[Objective] To study pollination fruiting characteristics and to provide the theoretical basis and applied technology for production and breeding of Dendrobium officinale.[Method] Different pollination methods such as cross,self and subsidiary pollination by insects etc were carried out under the condition of greenhouse protected cultivation and tree-attached ecological cultivation,fruit set percentage was used to test the pollen vigor when pollination performed by using inflorescences stored in 4 ℃ or taking 75% alcohol or clean water as adhesion adjuvant. [Result]The setting percentage of cross,self and opening pollination were 90. 51%,5. 55% and 1. 82%,respectively. 94. 22% was the average rate of cold storage pollen within 9 days,no obvious changes occurred in pollen vitality with the cold storage time. Using 75% alcohol or clean water as adjuvant didn＇t affect pollination effects,the average rate was 91. 29%.[Conclusion]Cross-pollination was the main pattern of D. officinale,existing partially self-compatible as well. The fructification rate were low both in self and opening pollination,it＇s an effective way to protect and breed germplasm resources of D. officinale through the artificial cross pollination.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2015年第33期188-190,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
杭州市科技发展计划农业科研攻关专项(20150932H25)
关键词
铁皮石斛
人工授粉
结实率
座果率
Dendrobium officinale
Artificial pollination
Seed setting rate
Fruiting rate
