摘要
资源环境对我国经济增长的硬约束已开始显现,鉴于此我国亟需向创新驱动增长模式转型。本文基于研发驱动理论,构建了包含研发投入的SBM模型,测算了我国区域的环境效率和环境全要素增长率,并借助Tobit模型对区域环境全要素生产率的影响因素进行了实证分析。研究表明:1东部地区传统要素和创新要素的利用效率均高于中、西部地区,但三大地区传统要素的无效率来源有差异,东部地区主要来源于资本,中部主要来源于劳动力,西部主要来源于能源;2中部地区全要素增长率最高,西部次之,东部最低。东部地区技术进步对环境全要素增长率的贡献最大,效率改善对中、西部地区环境全要素增长率的贡献最大;3经济发展水平与区域环境全要素生产率呈"U"型关系,产业结构、能源结构与区域环境全要素生产率呈负向关系,对外开放水平与区域环境全要素生产率呈正向关系。R&D来源和R&D结构对区域环境全要素生产率的影响具有地区差异性,其中东部地区企业研发投入的驱动作用较大,并应提高基础研究投入。而中西部地区政府研发投入的驱动作用较大,并应强化应用研究。
Resources and environmental constraints on economic growth gradually appears, therefore, China should tranform to innovation-driven growth mode. So, this paper, based on the theory of R＆D drive, by constructing a SBM model including R ＆ D, estimates the regional environmental efficiency and environmental TFP growth rate, and empirically analyzes influence factor of total factor productivity of regional through Tobit model. The study shows that： （1） The eastern region＇s efficiency is higher than the central and western regions no matter it is influenced by traditional or innovative elements factor, but the inefficiency of traditional factor differs in three regions in difference sources. The eastern region mainly comes from capital, the central region mainly comes from labor, and the western region mainly comes from the energy. （2） Total factor growth rate in the central region is the highest, the second is the western region, the lowest is the eastern region. Technological progress in eastern region makes the largest contribution to the environment. Improving the efficiency of the local environment makes the largest contribution in the western TFP. （~） Economic Development and Regional Environmental Total Factor have a ＂U＂-shaped relationship. Industrial structure, energy structure and regional environmental Total Factor Productivity （TFP） have a negative relationship. The open level has a positive effect on the total factor of the regional environmental. There are differences of impacts of R＆D sources and R＆D structure on the regional environmental TFP among regions. R ＆ D investment of companies in the eastern region plays a larger role in promote environmental total factor productivity of companies, so the eastern region should increase spending on basic research in order to promote environmental total factor productivity. R ＆ D investment of governments in central and western regions plays a larger role in promoting environmental total factor productivity, so they should im
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期25-34,共10页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家社科基金青年项目"全球价值链视角下我国发展新兴产业的赶超时机
追赶路径与政策工具"(编号:13CGL008)
中央高校科研经费项目"技术差距视角下新兴大国发展战略性新兴产业的赶超路径与政策工具"(编号:2014B19914)
2014年江苏省"青蓝工程"培养计划
关键词
资源环境
经济增长
创新驱动
环境效率
环境全要素
resources and environment
economic growth
innovation-driven
environmental efficiency
environmental total factor（TFP）
