摘要
汉语中的词类区分常表现在语义特征、语用角色和句法功能三个方面。而屈折语和黏着语的词类通常有四层标签:语用、语义、句法功能、词缀/黏着成分。明确一个词的词类是句法研究的基础任务。借用数理中的四维坐标系,分析了词类的四个维度值及其之间的相互关系,并进一步提出了词类的开放值(包括核与壳)和闭合值。
Chinese word categories distinguish from each other in three aspects: semantic features, pragmatic functions and syntactic positions. Whereas there are four labels on word categories in inflectional languages and ag- glutinative languages, i.e. semantic features, pragmatic fimctions, syntactic positions and affixes/agglutinative con- stituents. The clear classification of words lays the foundation of syntactic studies. By means of four-dimensional mathematical coordinates, the present paper analyses the correlations among four dimensional values of word catego- ries. Furthermore, the paper illustrates the concepts of open values (including cores and shells) and closed values.
关键词
预设词类
四维坐标系
开放值
闭合值
核
壳
Presupposed Category
Four-dimensional Coordinates
Open/Closed value
Core/Shell