摘要
于2009年和2010年3—12月在莱州湾金城海域对浮游动物群落结构及其环境因子进行了连续20个月份的综合调查,共记录到浮游动物75种,分属14个不同大类。浮游动物以桡足类和浮游幼虫居多,分别鉴定出22种、20类,占种类总数的29.3%、26.7%,其次为水螅水母类,鉴定出11种,端足类、被囊动物、腹足类和栉水母类分别鉴定出6种、4种、4种、2种,其它枝角类、毛颚动物、等足类、糠虾类、磷虾类以及钵水母类各鉴定出1种。主要优势种为强壮箭虫(优势度Y=0.24)、中华哲水蚤(Y=0.13)、墨氏胸刺水蚤(Y=0.07)、以及洪氏纺锤水蚤(Y=0.02)。2009年与2010年浮游动物群落结构的变化趋势比较稳定,同一季节群落结构相似度达到40%以上。浮游动物丰度分别在2009年及2010年的5月份达到最高值951.65个/m3、1348.14个/m3。种类数分别在2009年9月和2010年6月达到最高值48种、40种。多样性指数分别在2009年10月及2010年5月达到最高值2.6、2.7,呈现明显的季节变化特征。典范对应分析(Canonical correspondence analysis,CCA)显示,水温和盐度是影响浮游动物群落结构最主要的影响因子,水温与浮游动物种类数的相关系数达到0.87(P<0.01)。盐度与浮游动物数量的相关系数为0.484(P<0.05)。透明度、化学耗氧量、pH、叶绿素及总氮总磷等环境参数对浮游动物群落结构的影响较弱。
Coastal waters are ecosystems of great human and ecological interest where complex processes occur. The interaction of physical （e.g., coastal currents, upwelling, tides, and advection） , chemical （variable chemical properties including nutrient inputs）, and ecological （e.g., biological production and its dynamics, and prey/predator interactions） processes induce high spatial and temporal variability in the water. This variability determines the abundance and structure of different biological communities present in coastal waters, in particular zooplankton, which are at the lower levels of the oceanic food chain. To understand coastal zooplankton community structure and explore its relationship with various environmental factors, a zooplankton survey was carried out in Jincheng, Laizhou Bay. Fifteen sampling sites were chosen tostudy water temperature, salinity, transparency, COD, pH, Chl a, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus from March 2009 to December 2010. Sampling and testing methods followed those of the Specifications for Oceanographic Surveys and Specifications for Marine Monitoring. The relationships between zooplankton communities and various environmental factors were analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis （CCA）. A total of 75 zooplankton species, belonging to 14 taxonomic groups, were recorded in Jincheng over the study period. Copepods and zooplankton larvae were the main taxonomic groups, accounting for 29.3% and 26.7% of total species, respectively, followed by Hydromedusa accounting for 14.7%. Six Amphipod, four Tunicate, four Gastropod, and two Ctenophora species were identified, accounting for 8%, 5.3%, 5.3%, and 2.7% of all species, respectively; whereas only one species each of Cladocera, Chaetognatha, Isopoda, Mysidacea, Euphausiacea, and Scyphomedusae were identified. The dominant species, which exhibiterl significant seasonal variability （P 〈 0.05）, were Sagitta erassa （Y= 0.24）, Calanus sinicus （Y= 0. 13）, Centropages mcmurrichi （Y= 0.07）, and Acar
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第22期7308-7319,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金(LFE-2014-4)
国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805031
200905019)
水生动物营养与饲料"泰山学者"岗位经费资助(2007-2012)
