摘要
于2011年6月~8月在广东省茂名市电白县对虾养殖场选取一口池塘,设置24个围隔进行凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)与吉丽罗非鱼(GILI tilapia)围隔混养实验。实验设6个处理组(A、B、C、D、E和F),每组4个平行,单个围隔为一平行,每个围隔放养凡纳滨对虾苗3 000尾,其中实验组A、B、C、D和E组每围隔在放养虾苗28 d之后分别混养罗非鱼(平均体质量200 g)4、8、12、18和24尾,对照组F不放养罗非鱼。实验过程中跟踪调查了养殖水体中悬浮颗粒物和弧菌数量变动情况,结果显示:1)养殖前期实验组与对照组的总颗粒悬浮物(TPM)、颗粒有机物(POM)、颗粒无机物(PIM)含量以及POM/TPM、PIM/TPM均较接近,养殖中后期实验组的TPM、PIM含量及POM/TPM均高于对照组,而实验组的PIM/TPM则低于对照组,实验组中C、D和E组PIM含量百分比较A和B组高;2)养殖后期各围隔中弧菌数量普遍高于养殖前期,为(1.01~152.33)×10~3CFU·m L^(-1),均值为(15.08±24.50)×10~3CFU·m L^(-1),实验组中弧菌数量A组最多,B组次之,而C和D组相对较少。结果表明,对虾-罗非鱼混养模式下,放养大规格罗非鱼种,虾、鱼数量比在250∶1可以有效降低虾池有机质积累,改善虾池养殖环境,而且明显抑制弧菌的过度增殖,提高养殖效益。
We conducted an experiment on the polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei. GILI tilapia had been cultured in 24 enclosures in a pond located at Dianbai, Maoming City, Guangdong Province from June to August, 2011. We set 6 treatments with 4 replicates each, and a single enclosure was a replicate. Each enclosure was stocked with 3 000 shrimp seeds. Treatments A, B, C, D and E were polycuhured with 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 juvenile GILI tilapia after 28-day shrimp seeding, while the other 4 enclosures without tilapia were set as the control group F. Quantity of suspended particulate matter and Vibrio in polyculture enclosures were observed periodically so as to analyze the effect of tilapia polyculture on the quantity of suspended particulate matter and Vibrio in L. vannamei rearing enclosure. The results show that： 1 ） The content of total particular matter （ TPM）, particular organic matter （ POM）, particular in organic matter （ PIM）, POM/TPM and PIM/TPM were identical among treatments at earlier culture stage ; at the mid and later stage, POM/TPM, the contents of TPM and PIM were higher in experimental groups than in the control, while PIM/TPM was higher in the control than in experimental groups; PIM/TPMs in group C, group D and group E were higher than in Group A and Group B. 2）At later stage, the Vibrio quantity ranged from 1.01 ×10^3CFU·mL^-1 to 152. 33 ×10^3CFU·mL^-1 [average （ 15.08±24. 50）×10^3CFU·mL^-1 ]. The quantity of Vibrio was the highest in Group A, followed by Group B, Group C and Group D. These results indicat that under the shrimp-tilapia polyculture model with big tilapia fries, when the initial stocking ratio of shrimp to tilapia was about 250 ： 1, the sediment organic matter accumulation and over reproduction of Vibrio could be decreased effectively, which can improve environ- ment and economic benefit.
出处
《南方水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期19-26,共8页
South China Fisheries Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2014ZD01)
广东省科技计划项目(2013B040500020,2013B090500081)
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
吉丽罗非鱼
悬浮颗粒物
颗粒有机物
弧菌
Litopenaeus vannamei
GILI tilapia
suspended particulate matter
particulate organic matter
Vibrio
