摘要
采用18个36m2的围隔进行对虾单养和对虾–罗非鱼混养试验,研究其水质动态及产出效果的差异。试验分为6组,每组3个围隔。各围隔放养凡纳滨对虾(全长为0.045cm)3000尾,放养罗非鱼(体重为201±25g)分别为0(F组)、4(A组)、8(B组)、12(C组)、18(D组)和24尾(E组),放养对虾1个月后放养罗非鱼。试验期间各围隔均不进行水交换,试验周期为70d。结果显示,放养罗非鱼之前各实验围隔水质指标接近;放养罗非鱼之后,混养各组水体的氨氮浓度、亚硝氮浓度、COD和弧菌数量均小于单养组,其中C组水体的氨氮浓度、亚硝氮浓度和弧菌数量与单养组差异显著(p﹤0.05),且混养组中C组水体的上述指标小于其他混养组。混养各组对虾的规格、特定生长率、成活率和净产量均大于单养组,其中C组与单养组差异显著(p﹤0.05),且混养组中C组水体的上述指标大于其他混养组。结果表明,混养各组的水质状况和产出效果优于单养组,凡纳滨对虾(放养密度为8.3×105尾/hm2)和罗非鱼(放养密度为3320尾/hm2)混养的生态效益和经济效益最佳。
The present paper is to introduce our experimental research results on the evaluation of water quality and product of shrimp monoculture and shrimp -tilapia polyeulture through a case study of 18 enclosures. The process of culture should be arranged in the following way ： all of the enclosures were put in 3000 young - shrimps （Penaeus van- namei） , in which F, A, B, C, D and E enclosure groups were allowed to be stocked with 0, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 ti- lapias, respectively. The weight of tilapia should be about （201 ± 25 ） g/ind, with no water- exchange done in all of the enclosures during the experimental process. The whole experiment process should last 70 days. The following is the main experimental results： The water quality of the polyculture enclosure groups is almost the same as the mono- culture enclosure groups before stocking tilapias, but the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, COD and vibrio in the polycuhure enclosure groups are lower than that in the monoculture enclosure groups after stocking ti- lapias. Moreover, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and vibrio in group C are significant lower than that in group F after stocking tilapias. The weight, specific growth rate, survival ratio and product of shrimps in polyculture enclosure groups are bigger than that in the monocuhure enclosure groups, also the weight, specific growth rate, survival ratio and product of shrimps in group C are significant bigger than that in group F. The results indicate that the water quality of the polyculture enclosure groups is better than that of the monoculture enclosure groups. And polycuhure of shrimp at the level of 8.3 × 10^5 ind/ha and tilapia at the level of 3320 ind/ha tends to demonstrate the best ecological and economic advantages.
出处
《中国渔业质量与标准》
2013年第2期89-97,共9页
Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30800851)
国家虾产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS–47)
广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A201009C01)
关键词
对虾
罗非鱼
单养
混养
水质
产量
shrimp
tilapia
monoculture
polyculture
water quality
product
