摘要
[目的]了解上海铁路局管辖范围内两类公共场所卫生状况及主要问题,探索影响因素。[方法]收集2011—2013年上海市铁路局管辖范围内车站候车室(6个)、旅客列车(35组普通列车、29组动车、15组高铁)9项卫生指标(温度、PM10等)的历史监测资料,并对上海铁路局疾病预防控制中心卫生监测人员、车站和列车卫生管理人员共29名进行关键知情人访谈,了解卫生状况的影响因素。[结果]车站候车室三年总合格率为89.01%,但呈逐年下降趋势,上海虹桥站合格率最高(98.96%),昆山南站最低(80.00%);主要问题为温度、噪声合格率低(分别65.29%、74.12%)。旅客列车三年总合格率为90.05%,但呈下降趋势,高铁合格率最高(94.81%),动车合格率最低(87.22%);主要问题为温度合格率低(59.72%)。访谈结果显示:是否设置吸烟区、进行集中空调监测以及开展清洗消毒与否等为室内空气质量的影响因素。[结论]上海铁路局管辖范围内两类公共场所三年卫生状况良好,主要问题指标基本一致。
[Objective] To investigate the hygiene status and major problems in public places within the jurisdiction of Shanghai Railway Bureau, and assess associated determinants. [ Methods ] Historical environmental servaillance data were collected on nine indicators （such as temperature and PM10） for station waiting rooms （n=6） and passenger trains （35 ordinary trains, 39 China Railway High-speed trains, and 15 high-speed rail trains）. Key respondents （n=29） including monitoring staff from Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shanghai Railway Bureau and health administrators in charge of hygiene of stations and trains were interviewed for this article to investigate the determinants of hygiene status in public places. [ Results ] The hygiene qualified rate of station waiting rooms were over 89.01% in general, but showing a declining trend annually. Shanghai Hongqiao Station ranked the first with 98.94%, whereas Kunshan South Station ranked at bottom of the hygiene qualified rate of station waiting rooms with 80.00%. In addition, the qualified rates of temperature （65.29%） and noise （74.12%） were lower than the other indicators. The three-year qualified rate of passenger trains was 90.05%, but in a yearly declining trend. The seleeet high-speed rail trains ranked first with 94.81%, whereas the China Railway High-speed trains was at bottom of the qualified rate of passenger trains with 87.22%. The qualified rate of temperature was the lowest （59.72%）. The results from key respondent interviews showed the determinants of indoor air quality included setting up smoking areas and conducting integrated central air-conditioning monitoring and cleaning/disinfection. [ Conclusion ] The findings indicate good hygiene status of the two types of public places in the jurisdiction of Shanghai Railway Bureau. The indicators reflecting existing problems are also consistent across selected public places.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期1054-1057,共4页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
