摘要
汉语方言里"鸡公、菜干"等词,长期以来有人认为是正偏结构,有人认为是偏正结构,还有人认为"鸡公"这类词是附加式结构,"公"是后缀或词尾。本文认为此类方言词内部结构表达了"N之a者"的语义关系,应该分析为偏正结构。这是汉语方言词里一种正常的结构关系,并非来自少数民族语言的所谓正偏结构。文章还列举讨论了"鸡仔、凳仔"类词以及很多同类词的结构,并顺带简单说一下相关的小称结构和汉语词尾"子、儿"的来源问题。
Nominal words as Jigong 鸡公 and Caigan 菜干 are regarded by some scholars as the head- modifier（H-M） compounds,contrasted to nomal modifier-head ones as so identified by others,and still others see these words like jigong 鸡公 as root-affix compounds with Gong 公 as the suffix.This paper argues diat compounds convey the meaning of ＇ A of N＇ and should be analyzed uniformly as the M-H compounds which is regular in Chinese dialects but not so in minority languages.It also studies similar constructions as Jizai 鸡仔 and Dengzai 凳仔,the related diminutive compounds and explores the origin of suffixes Zi 子 and Er 儿 in Chinese.
出处
《方言》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第4期295-301,共7页
Dialect
关键词
汉语方言
逆序词
偏正结构
Chinese dialects
words of reverse order
modifier-head compounds
