摘要
为合理确定动态低照度时公路行车速度限值,保障低照度环境时的公路行车安全,设计实车试验研究环境照度及速度变化耦合影响驾驶人视觉机能的规律。分析了环境照度、行车速度对驾驶人识别不同颜色目标物识认时间的影响,构建了行车速度、动态低照度和识认时间感知关系度量模型,并结合驾驶人反应制动停车视距模型,考虑速度离散对驾驶人的影响,给出了低照度下公路合理行车速度确定方法及建议值。结果表明：驾驶人对红、绿目标物识认时间有一定差异性,红色目标物在低照度环境下的识认性优于绿色;低照度环境时应依据照度变化进行公路合理行车速度限制,且需考虑限速的平顺过渡,在设计停车视距为110m的公路上,照度为200~500lx时,建议限速为70km·h^-1;照度为200lx以下,建议限速为60km·h^-1;在设计停车视距为75m的公路上,照度为200~500lx时,建议限速为50km·h^-1;照度为200lx以下,建议限速为40km·h^-1。
To determine reasonable driving speed limit and ensure traffic safety on highway in dynamic low illumination environment,experimental research on driver visual ability affected by environmental illumination and driving speed change was conducted. The influences of environmental illumination and driving speed on driver recognition time of targets with different colors were analyzed.The quantitative model of recognition time perception,driving speed and dynamic low illumination was established.Then the determination method and suggestive value of reasonable driving speed limit on highway in dynamic low illumination environment were given based on response-braking stopping sight distance model and the influence of speed dispersion on driver.The results show that the driver recognition time has certain differences between red targets and green targets,and red target recognition function is better than green target in low illumination environment;the reasonable driving speed limit values on highway in dynamic low illumination environment should be based on illumination change,and the smooth transition ofspeed limit must be considered.When the stopping sight distance is 110 m,and the illumination between 200 lx and 500 lx,the speed limit value should be 70km·h-1.While the illumination is less than 200 lx,the speed limit value should be 60km·h-1.When the stopping sight distance is75 m,and the illumination between 200 lx and 500 lx,the speed limit value should be 50km·h-1.While the illumination is less than 200 lx,the speed limit value should be 40km·h-1.
出处
《中国公路学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期105-111,共7页
China Journal of Highway and Transport
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51308177
51578207)
教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20120111120021)
安徽省自然科学基金项目(1408085MG137)
汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室开放基金项目(2013G1502061)
关键词
交通工程
车速限制
时间感知试验
识认时间
驾驶人
交通安全
traffic engineering
speed limit
time perception experiment
recognition time
driver
traffic safety
