摘要
目的了解北京市大兴区清源街道2010-2014年手足口病流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制系统获取疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010-2014年大兴区清源街道共报告手足口病1286例,年均发病率为178.28/10万,发病率年度间差异有统计学意义(χ2=95.047,P<0.001);5-8月份为发病高峰,占总病例数的75.12%;人口聚居的老旧小区发病明显高于新小区;发病以1-4岁儿童发病为主,占总病例数的74.65%;散居儿童(55.21%)发病多于托幼儿童(36.16%);肠道病毒Cox16是引起清源街道儿童手足口病的主要病原体。结论北京市大兴区清源街道手足口发病率呈逐年增加趋势,并且有明显的季节性、地区性和人群特点,应加强对散居儿童家长的宣传和健康教育,加强对托幼机构的监测与管理,同时应加强手足口病原监测工作。
Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of hand-food-mouth disease（ HFMD） in Qingyuan Street of Daxing district of Beijing,and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control.Methods The incidence data of HFMD in Qingyuan Street of Daxing district were collected from China information system for disease control and prevention for descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results There were totally 1286 cases of HFMD reported in the Qingyuan during 2010-2014,and the morbidity was 178.28 / lakh on average,with significant difference between years（ χ^2= 95.047,P〈0.000）; the incidence of HFMD had obvious seasonality with epidemic peaks observed from May to August with a proportion75.12%; the incidence in old community was significantly higher than that in new community; the diseases were mainly reported among children aged 1-4 years old with a proportion 74.65%; more cases were reported in scattered children（ 55.21%） than those in preschool children（ 36.16%）.Enterovirus Cox16 was predominant.Conclusion The reported cases of HFMD were increased year by year in Qingyuan of Beijing.And the incidence of HFMD has shown obvious epidemiological characteristics of region,season and population.The propaganda and health education among scattered children＇parents,as well as surveillance and management in nurseries and kindergartens should be strengthened.Meanwhile,the pathogen detection should be strengthened.
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2015年第5期230-232,共3页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
发病率
Hand-food-mouth disease
Epidemiology
Morbidity
